Xanten West train station

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Xanten West
Entrance building, around 1902
Entrance building, around 1902
Data
Operating point type railway station
Location in the network Intermediate station
Design Through station
opening July 1, 1878
Conveyance February 26, 1945
location
City / municipality Xanten
country North Rhine-Westphalia
Country Germany
Coordinates 51 ° 39 '18 "  N , 6 ° 25' 59"  E Coordinates: 51 ° 39 '18 "  N , 6 ° 25' 59"  E
Railway lines
Railway stations in North Rhine-Westphalia
i16 i16 i18

The Xanten West train station was the oldest train station in the city of Xanten on the Lower Rhine . It was put into operation in 1878 by the Dutch Noord-Brabantsch-Duitsche Spoorweg-Maatschappij (North Brabant-German Railway Company; NBDS) and was in operation until it was destroyed at the end of the Second World War . The station building was demolished in the late 1970s.

Location and structure

The operating point was at route kilometer  10.21 of the Boxteler Bahn designated VzG route 2515 from Büderich via Goch to the Dutch border near Hassum . The route continued from there via Gennep to Boxtel . In 1940 the station comprised three through tracks, a loading track and a siding. The loading lane and goods shed stood south of the tracks, the station building was north.

The train station was located about one and a half kilometers southwest of the Xanten Cathedral , access was via today's Boxtelstrasse, which branched off from Sonsbecker Strasse as a spur road.

history

The NBDS originally planned a largely straight route from Goch via Uedem to Wesel, bypassing Xantens. Negotiations between the mayor of Xanten Schleß and the company led to a change in the route. The city gave the NBDS the land required to build the station free of charge and free of municipal taxes. In return, NBDS agreed to allow all trains to stop in Xanten. Construction of the line began in 1875 and continued until 1878. In the section from Uedem via Xanten to Birten , extensive earthworks were pending. For reasons of flood protection, the route should have a minimum height, and three mountains with a height of 30 to 40 meters had to be overcome, the route here partly ran in a cut . On July 1, 1878, the line between Goch and Gest (from 1881: Büderich) went into operation, but the trains ran over the Wesel Rhine bridge to Wesel from the start . The western section beyond Goch had been in operation since July 15, 1873. The track system was first expanded in 1880.

During the planning for the Rheinhausen - Kleve route , the NBDS management offered Moers district permission to use the Birten - Xanten section free of charge. Only the freight income on the section should benefit society. 1890 and 1891 renovations at the reception building and were official residence of the stationmaster executed. In 1892, the caretaker's booths 78 and 79 were included in the control and safety technology of the station, from then on they took over the operation of the entry signal from the direction of Uedem and the entry point . In 1901 the NBDS planned the construction of a new reception building in order to take account of the increased volume of traffic caused by the construction of the Rheinhausen - Kleve line. The building, completed in 1902, replaced the wooden station building from 1878. In addition to service rooms and a station restaurant, the new building had three service apartments and was the largest station building of the NBDS in the German Empire . A joint use with the Prussian state railway did not take place, however, since the line from Rheinhausen to Kleve, opened in 1904, was brought closer to the center at the request of the city. Thus, next to the Xanten train station, now called Xanten NBDS to distinguish it , there was also the Xanten Staatsbahnhof train station . There was no track connection between the two lines. With the outbreak of the First World War, the Royal Railway Directorate in Essen temporarily took over management of the line. In 1917 the NBDS left the management of the Maatschappij tot Exploitatie van Staatsspoorwegen (SS), which then also took over the German section in peacetime. The Staatsspoorwegen changed the name of the station to Xanten SS . In 1925, the Deutsche Reichsbahn took over the section of the Boxteler Bahn within Germany and downgraded the main line to a branch line . The station was named Xanten West , the state station last known as the Xanten Reichsbahn was named Xanten . As a result of nationalization, the station fell under the jurisdiction of the Reich Railway Directorate in Cologne .

During the Second World War, the halls of the barrel factory were confiscated due to their convenient location on the tracks and used as a supply warehouse for the army. The hall, which was also used for the handling of spoils of war in the form of alcohol or delicacies, soon proved to be too small, so that dance tents had to be set up. The Ukrainian forced laborers employed in the enamelling factory were quartered in the waiting room of the reception building and were fed by the train station manager. On February 26, 1945, the station was badly damaged in a night raid. Among other things, a parked ammunition train exploded, which the Uedem train station had refused to accept.

A resumption of traffic after this attack did not take place. During their retreat towards Wesel, the Wehrmacht made the tracks unusable every 100 meters. The advancing Allied units dismantled the remaining Uedemerfeld and Labbeck track bays west of Xanten in order to be able to cross the Uedemer Hochwald with their tanks . On March 10, 1945, members of the Wehrmacht blew up the Wesel railway bridge. The remnants were dismantled after the end of the war. The Deutsche Bundesbahn rented the apartments in the reception building to private customers. The city of Xanten acquired the building in 1972 for a price of 688,270.22  D-Marks . The last apartment was vacated in February 1973 and the building was demolished five years later. The site was then built over with an industrial area .

traffic

passenger traffic

From 1878 onwards, the NBDS had four pairs of trains run daily between Wesel and Boxtel , which stopped at all en route stations. From May 15, 1880, the first express train ran between Vlissingen and Oberhausen with through coaches to Berlin Schlesischer Bahnhof . In Vlissingen there was a ferry connection to Queenborough with a subsequent train connection to London . From 1881 the train ran through to Berlin as a continuous set. Between 1888 and 1892, the ferry trains were diverted via the border station Venlo after consultation between the Maatschappij tot Exploitatie van Staatsspoorwegen and the city of Krefeld . Of the ferry trains reintroduced in 1892, only the Berlin train stopped in Xanten. In the opposite direction, Xanten was a necessity stop . In Goch and Wesel there were connections to the express train London - Vlissingen - Münster  - Hamburg .

The winter timetable 1897/98 no longer shows Xanten as an express train stop. There were seven trains daily to Wesel and five trains in the direction of Goch. According to the summer timetable of 1914, six pairs of trains stopped between Wesel and Boxtel every day, about half of which did not serve all of the stops en route. In addition there was a train pair Wesel - Gennep , a passenger train from Wesel to Goch . In the early morning traffic, a passenger train from Xanten to Goch provided a connection to the D 12 (Berlin Schlesischer Bahnhof - Vlissingen). Another early train went from Xanten to Wesel. After the outbreak of war , the express trains were discontinued and relocated to other routes in peacetime. The last express train was discontinued in 1923. As a result, the Deutsche Reichsbahn was able to increasingly adapt the timetable to local needs. In the summer of 1926, six pairs of trains were used between Wesel and Goch, four of which continued across the border to Gennep. A connection to Boxtel was not guaranteed. The offer remained the same in the 1930s. The winter timetable 1941/42 shows seven trains from Wesel in the direction of Gennep, and eight trains in the opposite direction. Three pairs of trains only went as far as Goch.

Freight transport

Xanten was especially important for cattle handling and had the largest number of cattle traffic on the NBDS. In 1903, 1906 and 1906 over 10,000 head of cattle were each handled. General cargo handling in 1903 was 30,566 tons and fell to 17,276 tons in 1906 after the Rheinhausen - Kleve branch line opened. By 1912 an increase to 24,904 tons was recorded. A stonemason with a narrow-gauge connecting railway , a cement works , an enamelling plant , a shoe factory, a fruit jelly factory and a barrel factory were among the connections in the station .

In the 1930s, four pairs of local freight trains ran between Wesel and Goch every day . Two pairs of trains continued to Gennep, arriving from 1938/39.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e Entry by Claus Weber on Xanten-West station of the Boxteler Bahn in the " KuLaDig " database of the Rhineland Regional Association , accessed on July 17, 2017.
  2. ↑ a b c d e Michael Lehmann, Werner Verfürth: The North Brabant-German Railway - From Boxtel / NL via Goch to Wesel . In: Jürgen Becks, Martin Wilhelm Roelen (Ed.): Railways on the Lower Rhine . Wesel 2005, ISBN 3-924380-75-9 , pp. 179-182 .
  3. ↑ Michael Lehmann, Werner Verfürth: The North Brabant-German Railway - From Boxtel / NL via Goch to Wesel . In: Jürgen Becks, Martin Wilhelm Roelen (Ed.): Railways on the Lower Rhine . Wesel 2005, ISBN 3-924380-75-9 , pp. 159-162 .
  4. ^ A b Rolf Swoboda: Venlo Railway. Haltern - Wesel - Venlo . VBN Verlag B. Neddermeyer, Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-941712-04-1 , p. 153-154 .
  5. ↑ Michael Lehmann, Werner Verfürth: The North Brabant-German Railway - From Boxtel / NL via Goch to Wesel . In: Jürgen Becks, Martin Wilhelm Roelen (Ed.): Railways on the Lower Rhine . Wesel 2005, ISBN 3-924380-75-9 , pp. 200-204 .
  6. ^ A b Rolf Swoboda: Venlo Railway. Haltern - Wesel - Venlo . VBN Verlag B. Neddermeyer, Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-941712-04-1 , p. 194-199 .
  7. ^ Rolf Swoboda: Venlo Railway. Haltern - Wesel - Venlo . VBN Verlag B. Neddermeyer, Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-941712-04-1 , p. 221-223 .
  8. ↑ Michael Lehmann, Werner Verfürth: The North Brabant-German Railway - From Boxtel / NL via Goch to Wesel . In: Jürgen Becks, Martin Wilhelm Roelen (Ed.): Railways on the Lower Rhine . Wesel 2005, ISBN 3-924380-75-9 , pp. 204-206 .
  9. ^ Rolf Swoboda: Venlo Railway. Haltern - Wesel - Venlo . VBN Verlag B. Neddermeyer, Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-941712-04-1 , p. 132-136 .
  10. ^ Rolf Swoboda: Venlo Railway. Haltern - Wesel - Venlo . VBN Verlag B. Neddermeyer, Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-941712-04-1 , p. 168-170 .
  11. ^ Rolf Swoboda: Venlo Railway. Haltern - Wesel - Venlo . VBN Verlag B. Neddermeyer, Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-941712-04-1 , p. 173-175 .
  12. ^ Deutsche Reichsbahn, General Operations Management East Berlin (ed.): German course book. Winter edition 1941/42 . Table 242f. October 6, 1941 ( deutsches-kursbuch.de [accessed July 17, 2017]).
  13. ^ Rolf Swoboda: Venlo Railway. Haltern - Wesel - Venlo . VBN Verlag B. Neddermeyer, Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-941712-04-1 , p. 176-183 .