Operating office

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An operating point is a railway system , in Germany according to the Railway Construction and Operating Regulations (EBO) and in Austria according to the operating regulations of the Austrian Federal Railways .

At all operating points with block signals, these are located up to 200 meters, the so-called danger point distance or protective path , in front of the respective points, depending on the permissible maximum speed for the route sections involved .

Operating points on the free line without switches

Mettenheim stop in Rheinhessen on the Mainz – Ludwigshafen railway line : stops are on the open line and have no switches

The simplest operating points on the free line have no switches , but u. U. signals :

  1. Stopping point (Hp) (Switzerland and Austria: stop): Railway facility on the free route or as part of the station in the station where trains are scheduled to stop, begin or end (mostly in connection with an access point for passengers , sometimes also for freight )
  2. Block section (Bk): Railway system on the free route or in the station that secures entry into a block route into which a train is only allowed to enter if it is free of vehicles . The block signals used to be operated by a block attendant, but these days they are rarely found in this form.
  3. Cover point (Dkst): Railway system on the free route that secures the entry into a hazard area (e.g. level crossing , track loop , movable bridge). If it is not also a block post , this is done by a cover signal .
  4. Change of route (Strw): Railway system of the free route, on which trains pass from one route to another route without having to change the track.

Operating points of the free line with switches

Furthermore, there are operating points on the free route that have switches and signals, but formally do not meet the definition of a train station :

  1. Junction (Anst): Block point of the free route at which trains can use a connected track as a shunting run without the block route being released for another train.
  2. Alternative connection point (Awanst): connection point with the possibility of so-called inclusion, i.e. H. the block route can be released for another train (enables traffic on the route while the connection is being operated).
  3. Transfer point (Üst) (Switzerland: lane change point): Blocking point on the free line where trains can transfer to another track on the same railway line (track change), also transition between single and double-track sections.
  4. Junction point (Abzw): Blocking point on the free route at which trains can pass from one route to another (route change, formerly also used to refer to transfer points).
  5. Stop (Hst): In Germany, an operational unit consisting of a junction or junction and a stop .

Operating locations that do not belong to the free route

The formal definition according to the railway building and operating regulations or operating regulations of the Austrian Federal Railways differentiates these operating points from those of the open route through their operational use.

  1. Railway station (Bf): Railway system with at least one switch (mandatory according to EBO) at which trains can begin, end, evade or turn. The entrance signals or trapezoidal signs (mandatory according to the ÖBB BV) are generally used as the boundary between the station and the open route, otherwise the entry points.
  2. Passenger station (Pbf, Switzerland: PB): station with access point for passengers (rarely also for freight ).
  3. Freight station (Gbf, Switzerland: GB, Austria: Freight station (Fbf)): Station exclusively for freight in freight traffic .
    • Umschlagbahnhof (Ubf): freight yard exclusively for changing modes of transport (no freight dispatch or receipt).
    • Postbahnhof (Postbf): Freight station with covered tracks, especially for the needs of the post office (rare today).
    • Schnellgutbahnhof (?): Freight station with covered tracks, especially for fast general cargo traffic (rare today).
  4. Operational station (Bbf): station with purely internal tasks, e.g. B. Possibility of train crossing, overhaul or temporary storage.
    • Overtaking station (Übf): depot for overtaking slower trains by faster trains.
    • Abstellbf (Abstellbf, Schweiz: Abstellanlage): depot for parking of passenger coaches ( passenger traffic ), e.g. T. also with the possibility of maintenance / cleaning.
    • Marshalling yard (Rbf, Switzerland: RB): depot for the parking and train formation of single wagon traffic (freight traffic), mostly with waste mountain , e.g. Sometimes also with the possibility of maintenance (“damaged wagon track”).
    • Depot (Bw, Switzerland: Depot): depot for servicing / maintenance / minor repairs of rolling stock.
    • Repair shop (Aw, Switzerland: main workshop (HW)): depot for repairs / complete overhaul of rolling stock.

See also

literature

  • Jörn Pachl: System technology for rail transport . Plan, control and secure rail operations. 5th, arr. and exp. Edition. Vieweg + Teubner, Wiesbaden 2008, ISBN 978-3-8351-0191-3 ( limited preview in the Google book search).

Web links