Free route
The term free route is used in transport , especially road construction and railways.
Road construction
In road construction , country roads ( federal highways , state roads , state roads ( Bavaria , Saxony , Thuringia ) or municipal roads ) are considered free routes if they are outside of the through-town . On the free stretch, the road is laid out according to the RAS-L (guidelines for the construction of roads, part: line routing) . The maximum speed of 100 km / h generally applies in Germany , unless so-called constraint points on the route such as B. mountains or rivers prevent the optimal alignment .
railroad
In the case of the railroad , the free route refers to a part of the railway system . In Section 4 of the Railway Construction and Operating Regulations , a distinction is made between railway systems at the stations , the free route and other railway systems. The location of the entry signal or the trapezoidal board (signal Ne 1), otherwise the first point (entry point) of the station or a point specified in the local guidelines , is the boundary between the free route and the station . Many operating points are also included in the free route. For train protection on the free route, this is divided into block sections, in each of which a maximum of one train journey is allowed. This is ensured by the route block on main lines and some branch lines .
In addition to the track , the railway facilities on the open line include the following operating points :
- Junction points - trains can switch to another railway line by releasing the block section for other trains , this also applies to parallel railway lines.
- Junction points - trains can switch to the siding without releasing the block section as a shunting run .
- Alternate junctions - trains can switch to a siding as a train or shunting run by releasing the block section.
- Block sections - delimit block sections.
- Cover areas - cover a danger area, e.g. B. a level access platform or a movable bridge.
- Stopping points - trains stop to get on or off, and can begin or end there.
- Stops - are stopping points that are locally connected to a junction, transfer point, junction or alternative junction (but not a train station).
- Transfer points - trains can switch from one track to another track of the same railway line, this also applies between single-track and double-track sections of the same railway line.
The characteristics of branch points, connection points, alternative connection points, stops and transfer points can also apply to a train station. The infrastructure operator decides whether a railway system is viewed as a train station or as a railway system on the open line. If he decides to be classified as a train station, however, the structural requirements for train stations must be met (at least one switch, signals, etc.).
In addition to the operating points, there are also other systems belonging to the railway systems on the open line, which are necessary for the operation of a railway. These are z. B. signals , overhead lines , overpasses , level crossings , culverts, bridges , retaining walls or railway embankments .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Network properties. (PDF; 192 KiB) In: Instructions for the road information bank. Federal Highway Research Institute, March 28, 2014, p. 6 , accessed on October 23, 2018 (Section 1.5 through-town / free route).
- ↑ § 4 Explanation of terms. In: Railway Building and Operating Regulations (EBO). Federal Ministry of Justice and Consumer Protection, September 28, 1955, accessed on February 6, 2017 .