Cohors I Cisipadensium

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The Cohors I Cisipadensium [equitata] [Maximiniana] ( German  1st cohort of the Cisipadenser [partially mounted] [the Maximinian] ) was a Roman auxiliary unit . It is evidenced by military diplomas and inscriptions.

Name components

  • I : The Roman number stands for the ordinal number, the first ( Latin prima ). Hence the name of this military unit is pronounced as Cohors prima ...
  • Cisipadensium : the cisipadenser . When the unit was set up, the soldiers of the cohort were recruited from the Cisipadenser people who lived along the Great Syrte in what is now Libya .
  • equitata : partially mounted. The unit was a mixed association of infantry and cavalry.
  • Maximiniana : the Maximinian. An honorific designation referring to Maximinus Thrax (235-238). The addition appears in an inscription at a point that was subsequently chiseled out.

Since there is no evidence of the addition of milliaria (1000 men) to the name , the unit was a Cohors quingenaria equitata . The nominal strength of the cohort was 600 men (480 infantry and 120 horsemen), consisting of 6 centuries of infantry with 80 men each and 4 tower cavalry with 30 horsemen each.

history

The cohort was stationed in the provinces of Moesia , Moesia superior , Thracia, and Moesia inferior (in that order). It is listed on military diplomas for the years AD 75-157.

The first evidence of unity is based on an inscription dated to the reign of Nero (54–68). The cohort is documented for the first time 75 in the province of Moesia through a diploma . In the diploma, the cohort is listed as part of the troops (see Roman Armed Forces in Moesia ) that were stationed in the province. Further diplomas, dated from 93 to 115, prove the unity in Moesia Superior .

Participation of the cohort in Trajan's Dacer wars is likely, but not proven. In the diplomas of 115 the unit is listed as one of the cohorts that were detached from Moesia superior for the Parthian War of Trajan ( translatis in expeditione ).

After the end of the Parthian War, the cohort probably no longer returned to Moesia Superior , but was probably relocated to the province of Thracia under Hadrian (117-138) . The first evidence in the province is based on a military diploma dated 117/138. In the diploma, the cohort is listed as part of the troops (see Roman Forces in Thracia ) that were stationed in the province. Another diploma, dated 138, proves unity in the same province.

Between 146 and 155 the cohort was moved to Moesia Inferior . The first evidence in the province is based on a military diploma dated 155. Another diploma, dated 157, proves unity in the same province.

The last evidence of unity is based on an inscription dated 235/236.

Locations

Cohort locations may have been:

  • Sostra (Lomets): two inscriptions were found here.

Members of the cohort

The following members of the cohort are known.

Commanders

Others

  • [?], a soldier ( AE 2013, 1367 )
  • Flavius ​​Vale [n] s, a horseman: the diploma of 138 was issued to him.
  • L (ucius) Campanius [V] erecundus, a veteran and former Signifer and Centurion ( CIL 5, 8185 )
  • L (ucius) Cassius, a foot soldier: the diploma of 93 was issued to him.

See also

literature

  • Florian Matei-Popescu, Ovidiu Țentea: Auxilia Moesiae Superioris , Mega Publishing House 2018, ISBN 978-606-020-063-5 ( online )
  • John Spaul : Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1-84171-046-4

Remarks

  1. ↑ Lucius Campanius Verecundus was probably recruited during the reign of Tiberius (14-37) and discharged from the army under Claudius (41-54).

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b c John Spaul , Cohors², pp. 459, 464
  2. ↑ a b inscription with Maximiniana ( CIL 3, 14429 )
  3. ^ Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 164, 168 tables 8, 10 ( PDF ).
  4. ↑ a b c d e f Florian Matei-Popescu, Ovidiu Țentea, Auxilia, pp. 47–48, 101, 127–129.
  5. ↑ Military diplomas of the years 75 ( RMD 1, 2 ), 93 ( CIL 16, 39 ), 94 ( RMD 5, 335 ), 96/100 ( RMD 4, 218 ), 100 ( Chiron-2008-326 , CIL 16, 46 ), 101/115 ( Chiron-2009-570 ), 103/105 ( ZPE-194-223 ), 112/114 ( Chiron-2008-360 ), 115 ( Chiron-2005-64 , Chiron-2008-363 , ZPE -194-229 ), 117/138 ( ZPE-163-263 ), 138 ( RMD 5, 385 ), 155 ( RMD 5, 414 ) and 157 ( Chiron-2008-309 ).
  6. ↑ Inscription ( CIL 5, 8185 )
  7. ↑ Florian Matei-Popescu, Ovidiu Țentea: Participation of the Auxiliary Troops from Moesia Superior in Trajan's Dacian Wars In: Revue d'Archeologie et d'Histoire Ancienne Bucarest, 2006, pp. 127–140, here p. 133 ( online ).
  8. ^ Ovidiu Țentea, Florian Matei-Popescu: Alae et Cohortes Daciae et Moesiae. A review and update of J. Spaul's Ala and Cohors In: Acta Musei Napocensis 39-40 / I, Cluj-Napoca, 2002-2003 (2004), pp. 259-296, here p. 279 ( online ).
  9. ↑ Inscriptions from Sostra ( AE 2013, 1367 , CIL 3, 14429 )