Cohors IV Gallorum (Moesia)

The Cohors IV (or IIII ) Gallorum [equitata] ( German 4th cohort of the Gauls [partly mounted] ) was a Roman auxiliary unit . It is evidenced by military diplomas and inscriptions.

Name components

Gallorum : the Gaul . The soldiers of the cohort were recruited from the various tribes of the Gauls in the Roman province of Gallia Lugdunensis when the unit was established .

equitata : partially mounted. The unit was a mixed association of infantry and cavalry.

Since there is no evidence of the addition of milliaria (1000 men) to the name , the unit was a Cohors (quingenaria) equitata . The nominal strength of the cohort was 600 men (480 infantry and 120 horsemen), consisting of 6 centuries of infantry with 80 men each and 4 tower cavalry with 30 horsemen each.

history

The cohort was stationed in the provinces of Moesia , Thracia , Cilicia, and Syria (in that order). It is listed on military diplomas for the years AD 75-153.

The first evidence of unity in Moesia is based on a military diploma dated 75. In the diploma, the cohort is listed as part of the troops (see Roman Armed Forces in Moesia ) that were stationed in the province. Further diplomas, dated between 92 and 105, prove the unit in Moesia inferior .

At an unspecified point in time, the cohort was moved to Thracia . The first evidence of unity in the province is based on a military diploma dated 114. In the diploma, the cohort is listed as part of the troops (see Roman Forces in Thracia ) that were stationed in the province.

In Thracia , however, the unit was stationed only for a short time, because for 121 it is documented by a diploma in Cilicia .

At an unspecified point in time, the cohort was transferred to Syria . The first evidence of unity in the province is based on a military diploma dated 153. In the diploma, the cohort is listed as part of the troops (see Roman Armed Forces in Syria ) that were stationed in the province.

In the Notitia dignitatum a unit called Cohors quarta Gallorum is mentioned for the Ulucitra site in the province of Rhodopa . She was part of the troops that were under the command of the Dux Moesiae secundae .

Locations

The locations of the cohort are not known.

Members of the cohort

The following members of the cohort are known:

Commanders

Gaius Vindilicius Fontanus : he is named on the diploma of 114 as a commander.
Sudernius Priscus : he is named on the diploma of 121 as a commander.

Τ. Φλ. Αλεξανδερ
Τ. Πορκιος Κορνηλιανος, a prefect

Others

C (aius) Iulius Valens, a horseman: the diploma of 114 was issued to him.

Alexandrus, a foot soldier: the diploma of 121 was issued to him.

Further cohorts with the designation Cohors IV Gallorum

There were three other cohorts with this designation:

the Cohors IV Gallorum (Britannia) . She is documented by military diplomas from 98 to 178 and was stationed in the province of Britannia .
the Cohors IV Gallorum (Mauretania Tingitana) . It is evidenced by diplomas from 88 to 161 and was stationed in the province of Mauretania Tingitana .
the Cohors IV Gallorum (Raetia) . It is documented by diplomas from 86 to 167/168 and was stationed in the province of Raetia .

Remarks

↑ ^a ^b The scenario given here follows the explanations of Farkas István Gergő and Peter Weiß . It is based on four different units called Cohors IV Gallorum . Even Evgeni I. Paunov , Margaret M. Roxan go from four different units with this designation from; they consider it possible that the unit listed in the Notitia dignitatum is identical to the cohort described here. John Spaul assigns the military diplomas for Moesia and Thracia to the Cohors IV Gallorum (Britannia) . Barbara Pferdehirt also assumes that the cohort stationed in Thracia has been moved to Cilicia .

Individual evidence

^ ^A ^b John Spaul: Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1-84171-046-4 , p 151-152, 163-165
^ Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 166, 170 tables 9, 10 ( PDF p. 168, 172 ).
↑ Farkas István Gergő: The Roman Army in Raetia Dissertation, University of Pécs Faculty of Humanities 2015, p. 155 ( PDF p. 158 ( Memento of the original from December 14, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and still not checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this note. ). @1@ 2

↑ ^a ^b Evgeni I. Paunov, Margaret M. Roxan : The earliest extant Diploma of Thrace, AD 114 (= RMD I 14) In: Journal of Papyrology and epigraphy . Volume 119 (1997), pp. 269-279, here p. 276 ( PDF ).

↑ Barbara Pferdehirt : Roman military diplomas and dismissal certificates in the collection of the Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum. (= Catalogs of prehistoric antiquities 37), 2 volumes, Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum, Mainz 2004, ISBN 3-88467-086-7 Volume 1, p. 55.

↑ Peter Weiß : The auxiliaries of the Syrian army from Domitian to Antoninus Pius. An interim balance after the new military diplomas In: Chiron Communications of the Commission for Ancient History and Epigraphy of the German Archaeological Institute Volume 36 (2006), pp. 249–298, here pp. 278–279.

↑ Military diplomas of the years 75 ( RMD 1, 2 ), 92 ( AE 2003, 1548 ), 97 ( RMD 3, 140 ), 105 ( CIL 16, 50 ), 114 ( RMD 1, 14 ), 121 ( RMM 19 ) and 153 ( AE 2006, 1841 ).

^ Notitia dignitatum in partibus Orientis XL ( online ).

[GE-8] The scenario given here follows the explanations of Farkas István Gergő and Peter Weiß . It is based on four different units called Cohors IV Gallorum . Even Evgeni I. Paunov , Margaret M. Roxan go from four different units with this designation from; they consider it possible that the unit listed in the Notitia dignitatum is identical to the cohort described here. John Spaul assigns the military diplomas for Moesia and Thracia to the Cohors IV Gallorum (Britannia) . Barbara Pferdehirt also assumes that the cohort stationed in Thracia has been moved to Cilicia .

[jsp-1] A ^b John Spaul: Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1-84171-046-4 , p 151-152, 163-165

[js-2] Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 166, 170 tables 9, 10 ( PDF p. 168, 172 ).

[fig-3] Farkas István Gergő: The Roman Army in Raetia Dissertation, University of Pécs Faculty of Humanities 2015, p. 155 ( PDF p. 158 ( Memento of the original from December 14, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and still not checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this note. ). @1@ 2

[eip-4] Evgeni I. Paunov, Margaret M. Roxan : The earliest extant Diploma of Thrace, AD 114 (= RMD I 14) In: Journal of Papyrology and epigraphy . Volume 119 (1997), pp. 269-279, here p. 276 ( PDF ).

[bp-5] Barbara Pferdehirt : Roman military diplomas and dismissal certificates in the collection of the Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum. (= Catalogs of prehistoric antiquities 37), 2 volumes, Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum, Mainz 2004, ISBN 3-88467-086-7 Volume 1, p. 55.

[pw-6] Peter Weiß : The auxiliaries of the Syrian army from Domitian to Antoninus Pius. An interim balance after the new military diplomas In: Chiron Communications of the Commission for Ancient History and Epigraphy of the German Archaeological Institute Volume 36 (2006), pp. 249–298, here pp. 278–279.

[MD-7] Military diplomas of the years 75 ( RMD 1, 2 ), 92 ( AE 2003, 1548 ), 97 ( RMD 3, 140 ), 105 ( CIL 16, 50 ), 114 ( RMD 1, 14 ), 121 ( RMM 19 ) and 153 ( AE 2006, 1841 ).

[ND-9] Notitia dignitatum in partibus Orientis XL ( online ).