Cohors IV Gallorum (Mauretania Tingitana)

A landmark that the cohort erected in Hispania Tarraconensis ( AE 1935, 13 )

The Cohors IV (or IIII ) Gallorum [civium Romanorum] [equitata] ( German 4th cohort of the Gauls [of the Roman citizens] [partly mounted] ) was a Roman auxiliary unit . It is evidenced by military diplomas and inscriptions.

Name components

Gallorum : the Gaul . The soldiers of the cohort were recruited from the various tribes of the Gauls in the Roman province of Gallia Lugdunensis when the unit was established .

civium Romanorum : the Roman citizen or with Roman citizenship . The soldiers of the unit had been granted Roman citizenship at one point in time. However, this did not apply to soldiers who were accepted into the unit after this point in time. They received Roman citizenship only with their honorable farewell ( Honesta missio ) after 25 years of service. The addition appears in several military diplomas.

equitata : partially mounted. The unit was a mixed association of infantry and cavalry. The addition appears in the inscription ( CIL 10, 4873 ).

Since there is no evidence of the addition of milliaria (1000 men) to the name , the unit was a Cohors (quingenaria) equitata . The nominal strength of the cohort was 600 men (480 infantry and 120 horsemen), consisting of 6 centuries of infantry with 80 men each and 4 tower cavalry with 30 horsemen each.

history

The cohort was stationed in the provinces of Hispania Tarraconensis and Mauretania Tingitana (in that order). It is listed on military diplomas for the years 88 to 161 AD.

The cohort was stationed in Hispania Tarraconensis around AD 41/54 . Possibly during the reign of Vespasian (69-79) it was then moved to Mauretania Tingitana .

The first evidence of unity in Mauretania Tingitana is based on a diploma dated to 88 AD. In the diploma, the cohort is listed as part of the troops (see Roman Forces in Mauretania ) that were stationed in the province. Other diplomas, dated 104 to 161, prove unity in the same province.

The last evidence of the cohort in Mauretania Tingitana is based on the inscription ( AE 1989, 911 ), which is dated to 222/235.

Locations

Locations of the cohort in Hispania Tarraconensis were:

Soto de la Vega : Landmarks ( AE 1935, 13 , AE 1961, +00345 ) erected by the cohort were found in Soto de la Vega.

Locations of the cohort in Mauretania Tingitana were:

Sidi Kacem : The inscriptions of Germanus and Valerius Salvianus were found in Sidi Kacem.

Members of the cohort

The following members of the cohort are known:

Commanders

[] Pontianus: he is named on the diploma of 131 as the commander of the cohort.
Q (uintus) Atilius Pescennius Sallustianus ( AE 1927, 34 )
[V] alerius Salvianus, a prefect (around 222–235) ( AE 1989, 911 )

Sex (tus) Pulfennius Salutaris M (arcus) Luccius Valerius Severus, a prefect (around 121/170) ( CIL 10, 4873 ); he was also Prefect of the Ala I Pannoniorum and Tribune of the Cohors I Vindelicorum .

Others

Ger (manus), a rider ( IAM2, 299 )
Nigrinus, a Decurio : the diploma of 131 was issued to him.

Optatus, a Decurio ( IAM2, 299 )

Further cohorts with the designation Cohors IV Gallorum

There were three other cohorts with this designation:

the Cohors IV Gallorum (Britannia) . She is documented by military diplomas from 98 to 178 and was stationed in the province of Britannia .
the Cohors IV Gallorum (Moesia) . She is documented by diplomas from 75 to 153 and was stationed in Moesia inferior , Thracia , Cilicia and Syria .
the Cohors IV Gallorum (Raetia) . It is documented by diplomas from 86 to 167/168 and was stationed in Raetia .

Web links

Commons : Cohors IV Gallorum (Mauretania Tingitana) - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

^ ^A ^b ^c John Spaul: Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1-84171-046-4 , Pp. 151-152, 167, 169
^ Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 176 Table 18 ( PDF p. 178 ).
↑ Military diplomas of the years 88 ( CIL 16, 159 ), 104 ( AE 2004, 1891 ), 109 ( CIL 16, 161 ), 114/117 ( CIL 16, 165 ), 122 ( CIL 16, 73 ), 131 ( RMD 3 , 157 ), 135 ( RMD 5, 382 ), 153 ( RMD 5, 409 , RMD 5, 410 , RMM 34 , ZPE-162-244 , ZPE-162-245 , ZPE-153-202 , ZPE-197-243 ), 156/157 ( CIL 16, 181 ), 159 ( RMD 1, 53 ) and 161 ( RMD 2, 107 ).

[jsp-1] A ^b ^c John Spaul: Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1-84171-046-4 , Pp. 151-152, 167, 169

[js-2] Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 176 Table 18 ( PDF p. 178 ).

[MD-3] Military diplomas of the years 88 ( CIL 16, 159 ), 104 ( AE 2004, 1891 ), 109 ( CIL 16, 161 ), 114/117 ( CIL 16, 165 ), 122 ( CIL 16, 73 ), 131 ( RMD 3 , 157 ), 135 ( RMD 5, 382 ), 153 ( RMD 5, 409 , RMD 5, 410 , RMM 34 , ZPE-162-244 , ZPE-162-245 , ZPE-153-202 , ZPE-197-243 ), 156/157 ( CIL 16, 181 ), 159 ( RMD 1, 53 ) and 161 ( RMD 2, 107 ).