Cohors II Chalcidenorum

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The Cohors II Chalcidenorum [sagittariorum or sagittaria] [equitata] ( German  2nd cohort from Chalcis [the archer] [partly mounted] ) was a Roman auxiliary unit . It is documented by military diplomas.

Name components

  • Chalcidenorum : from Chalcis . The soldiers of the cohort were recruited from the town of Chalcis and its surroundings when the unit was set up .
  • sagittariorum or sagittaria : the archer. The addition occurs in military diplomas from 120 to 157.
  • equitata : partially mounted. The unit was possibly a mixed formation of infantry and cavalry.

Since there is no evidence of the addition of milliaria (1000 men) to the name , the unit was either a pure infantry cohort, a Cohors (quingenaria) peditata , with a nominal strength of 480 men, or a Cohors (quingenaria) equitata with a nominal strength of 600 men (480 infantry and 120 riders), consisting of 6 centuries of infantry with 80 men each and 4 tower cavalry with 30 riders each.

history

The cohort was stationed in the provinces of Moesia and Moesia inferior (in that order). It is listed on military diplomas for the years 69/79 to 157 AD.

The first evidence of unity in Moesia is based on a diploma dated 69/79. In the diploma, the cohort is listed as part of the troops (see Roman Armed Forces in Moesia ) that were stationed in the province. Other diplomas, dated from 75 to 157, prove the unit in the same province (or from 99 in Moesia Inferior ).

Locations

The locations of the cohort are not known. The bricks found in Sucidava with the stamp COH II C indicate the presence of the unit in this place.

Members of the cohort

Members of the cohort are not known.

See also

Remarks

  1. ^ According to Margaret M. Roxan , various readings have been suggested for the inscription ( AE 1973, 485 ). If a certain reading of the (supplemented) inscription is correct, then the unit would have been equitata .
  2. ↑ According to Ovidiu Țentea, the text addition of the brick stamp COH II C to Cohors II Chalcidenorum is not guaranteed.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Margaret M. Roxan : An Auxiliary / Fleet Diploma of Moesia Inferior: 127 August 20 In: Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik . Volume 118 (1997), pp. 287-299, p. 294 ( PDF pp. 8-9 ).
  2. ↑ a b c Ovidiu Țentea: Ex Oriente ad Danubium. The Syrian auxiliary units on the Danube frontier of the Roman Empire Publisher: Mega Publishing House, Editor: Center of Roman Military Studies 6, ISBN 978-606-543-206-2 , doi : 10.13140 / RG.2.1.4246.1604 , p. 15-17, 40-41, 168-172 ( online ).
  3. ↑ John Spaul: Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1841710464 , p 422.430
  4. ^ Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 172 table 14 ( PDF p. 174 ).
  5. ↑ Military diplomas of the years 69/79 ( EDCS 7 ), 75 ( AE 2009, 1800 , RMM 1 ), 77/78 ( AE 2011, 1118 ), 92 ( ZPE-148-269 ), 97 ( RMD 5, 337 ), 99 ( CIL 16, 45 , RMM 8 , ZPE-180-295 ), 105 ( AE 2004, 1256 , RMM 11 ), 120 ( AE 2009, 1808 , ZPE-207-219 ), 127 ( RMD 4, 241 , ZPE -165-232 ), 134 ( CIL 16, 78 ), 138 ( CIL 16, 83 ), 145 ( RMD 3, 165 ), 146 ( AE 2007, 1233 , AE 2009, 1816 , RMD 4, 270 ), 155 ( RMD 5, 414 ) and 157 ( AE 2007, 1236 , RMD 1, 50 ).