Cohors II Asturum (Britannia)
The Cohors II Asturum [equitata] [Severiana Alexandriana] ( German 2nd cohort of the Asturians [partly mounted] [the Severian Alexandrian] ) was a Roman auxiliary unit . It is evidenced by military diplomas , inscriptions and brick stamps.
Name components
- Cohors : The cohort was an infantry unit of the auxiliary troops in the Roman army .
- II : The Roman number stands for the ordinal number, the second ( Latin secunda ). Hence the name of this military unit is pronounced as Cohors secunda ...
- Asturum : the Asturian . The soldiers of the cohort were recruited from the Asturian people in the area of the conventus Asturum (with the capital Asturica Augusta ) when the unit was established .
- equitata : partially mounted. The unit was a mixed association of infantry and cavalry. The addition appears in an inscription.
- Severiana Alexandriana : the Severian Alexandrian. An honorary title that refers to Severus Alexander (222-235). The addition appears in an inscription.
Since there is no evidence of the addition of milliaria (1000 men) to the name , the unit was a Cohors quingenaria equitata . The nominal strength of the cohort was 600 men (480 infantry and 120 horsemen), consisting of 6 centuries of infantry with 80 men each and 4 tower cavalry with 30 horsemen each.
history
The cohort was stationed in the province of Britannia . It is listed on military diplomas for the years 105 to 130/131 AD.
The first evidence of unity in Britannia is based on a diploma dated 105. The diploma lists the cohort as part of the troops (see Roman Forces in Britannia ) that were stationed in the province. Other diplomas, dated 122 to 130/131, prove unity in the same province.
The last evidence of the cohort is based on an inscription dated 225.
Locations
Cohort locations in Britannia may have been:
- Aesica (Great Chesters): an inscription and bricks with the stamp of unity were found here.
- Bremia ( Llanio ): two inscriptions have been found here.
Members of the cohort
The following members of the cohort are known:
Commanders
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Others
- Boud [us] ( AE 1995, 00994b )
See also
Web links
- 2264 - Cohors II Asturum. Roman Inscriptions of Britain (RIB), accessed December 30, 2018 .
literature
- Margaret M. Roxan : The Auxilia of the Roman Army raised in the Iberian Peninsula. Dissertation, 1973 Volume 1 ( PDF ) Volume 2 ( PDF )
- John Spaul : Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1-84171-046-4
Remarks
- ↑ The scenario given here is based on two different cohorts: the Cohors II Asturum (Britannia) , which was stationed in the province of Britannia and the Cohors II Asturum (Germania) , which was stationed in Germania and Germania inferior .
- ↑ All soldiers for whom it is not clear from the literature or the respective inscription which of the two units it is, were assigned to the Cohors II Asturum (Germania) .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Margaret M. Roxan , The Auxilia, pp. 65, 70, 374-381, 719-722.
- ^ Inscription with equitata ( AE 1951, 88 ).
- ↑ a b inscription with Severiana Alexandriana ( RIB 1738 ).
- ↑ Military diplomas of the years 105 ( CIL 16, 51 ), 122 ( AE 2008, 800 , CIL 16, 69 ), 124 ( CIL 16, 70 ), 127 ( RMD 4, 240 ) and 130/131 ( ZPE-156-246 ).
- ^ A b John Spaul , Cohors², pp. 69-71, 75-76.
- ^ Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 157 Table 1 ( PDF ).
- ^ Inscription from Aesica ( RIB 1738 ).
- ^ Bricks from Aesica : stamp COH II ASTURU ( CIL 7, 1228 ).
- ^ Inscriptions from Bremia ( RIB 407 , RIB 408 ).