Cohors II Ulpia Galatarum

A diploma of 160 ( AE 2011, 1810 )

The Cohors II Ulpia Galatarum ( German 2nd cohort the Ulpische der Galatians ) was a Roman auxiliary unit . It is documented by military diplomas.

Name components

Cohors : The cohort was an infantry unit of the auxiliary troops in the Roman army .

II : The Roman number stands for the ordinal number, the second ( Latin secunda ). Hence the name of this military unit is pronounced as Cohors secunda ...

Ulpia : the Ulpian. The honorary designation refers to Emperor Trajan , whose full name is Marcus Ulpius Traianus .

Galatarum : the Galatians . The soldiers of the cohort were recruited from the Galatians in the Roman province of Galatia when the unit was established .

Since there are no references to the additions milliaria (1000 men) and equitata (partially mounted), it can be assumed that it is a Cohors (quingenaria) peditata , a pure infantry cohort. The nominal strength of the unit was 480 men, consisting of 6 Centuries with 80 men each.

history

The cohort was stationed in Syria Palestine Province . It is listed on military diplomas for the years 136/137 to 186 AD.

Presumably the cohort was set up together with the Cohors I Ulpia Galatarum and other units by Trajan around 112/113 AD during the preparation for his Parthian War. The first evidence of unity in Syria Palestine is based on a diploma dated 136/137. In the diploma, the cohort is listed as part of the troops (see Roman Forces in Syria Palestine ) that were stationed in the province. Other diplomas, dated 139 to 186, prove unity in the same province.

Locations

The locations of the cohort are not known.

Members of the cohort

The following members of the cohort are known:

Gaius, a foot soldier: the diploma of 139 was issued to him.
Quintus Flavius Amatianus : he is named on the diploma of 139 as the commander of the cohort.

Web links

Commons : Cohors II Ulpia Galatarum - Collection of images, videos and audio files

literature

Julian Bennett : The Regular Roman Auxiliary Regiments Formed from the Provinces of Asia Minor , ANATOLICA XXXVII, 2011, pp. 251-274 ( PDF ).
John Spaul : Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1-84171-046-4

Individual evidence

↑ Military diplomas of the years 136/137 ( RMD 3, 160 ), 139 ( CIL 16, 87 ), 142 ( RMM 29 ), 149/160 ( RMD 1, 60 ), 158 ( ZPE-157-190 , ZPE-159- 283 ), 160 ( AE 2005, 1730 , AE 2011, 1810 , RMD 3, 173 , RMM 00041 ) and 186 ( RMD 1, 69 ).
↑ ^a ^b ^c Julian Bennett , The Regular Roman Auxiliary Regiments, pp. 267-268.
^ ^A ^b John Spaul , Cohors², pp. 390, 396.
^ Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 173 Table 15 ( PDF ).

[MD-1] Military diplomas of the years 136/137 ( RMD 3, 160 ), 139 ( CIL 16, 87 ), 142 ( RMM 29 ), 149/160 ( RMD 1, 60 ), 158 ( ZPE-157-190 , ZPE-159- 283 ), 160 ( AE 2005, 1730 , AE 2011, 1810 , RMD 3, 173 , RMM 00041 ) and 186 ( RMD 1, 69 ).

[jb-2] Julian Bennett , The Regular Roman Auxiliary Regiments, pp. 267-268.

[jsp-3] A ^b John Spaul , Cohors², pp. 390, 396.

[js-4] Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 173 Table 15 ( PDF ).