Cohors I Celtiberorum civium Romanorum

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An inscription mentioning Lucretius Paternus , a Decurio of Unity. ( CIL 2, 2552. )

The Cohors I Celtiberorum [civium Romanorum] [equitata] ( German  1st cohort of the Celtiberians [of the Roman citizens ] [partially mounted] ) was a Roman auxiliary unit . It is evidenced by military diplomas and inscriptions.

Name components

  • Celtiberorum : The soldiers of the cohort were recruited from the various tribes of the Celtiberians when the unit was set up .
  • civium Romanorum : the Roman citizen or with Roman citizenship. The soldiers of the unit had been granted Roman citizenship at one point (probably between 88 and 109 AD) for outstanding valor. However, this did not apply to soldiers who were accepted into the unit after this point in time. They received Roman citizenship only with their honorable farewell ( Honesta missio ) after 25 years of service. The addition appears in the military diplomas , but not in the inscriptions.
  • equitata : partially mounted. Since Lucretius Paternus was a Decurio , his unit must have been a Cohors equitata .

Since there is no reference to the addition of milliaria (1000 men) to the name , the unit was a Cohors equitata with a nominal strength of 600 men (480 infantry and 120 horsemen), consisting of 6 centuries of infantry with 80 men each and 4 tower cavalry with each 30 riders.

history

The first evidence of unity in the Mauretania Tingitana province is based on a military diploma dated to AD 109. In the diploma, the cohort is listed as part of the troops (see Roman forces in Mauretania ) that were stationed in Mauretania Tingitana under the governor Marcus Clodius Catullus . Another military diploma, dated 114 to 117, proves the unit in the same province under the governor Lucius Seius Avitus .

The first evidence of unity in the province of Hispania Tarraconensis is based on an inscription that can be dated June 10, 163. Another inscription can be dated October 15, 167.

The unit is mentioned for the last time in the Notitia dignitatum under the direction of a tribune for the Iuliobriga site in the Callaecia province .

Locations

Locations of the cohort in Mauretania Tingitana are not known.

Locations of the cohort in Hispania Tarraconensis may have been:

Commanders

A unit commander, Caius Iulius Speratianus, is known from a tombstone found near Tarraco ( CIL 2, 4141 ). He had the rank of prefect .

Further cohorts with the designation Cohors I Celtiberorum

There was another cohort, the Cohors I Celtiberorum , based in the province of Britannia .

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f Margaret M. Roxan : The Auxilia of the Roman Army raised in the Iberian Peninsula Volume 1. (PDF 23.5 MB) discovery.ucl.ac.uk, 1973, pp. 175–179 (172 –176) , accessed February 6, 2017 .
  2. ↑ a b Margaret M. Roxan: The Auxilia of the Roman Army raised in the Iberian Peninsula Volume 2. (PDF 9.8 MB) discovery.ucl.ac.uk, 1973, pp. 64–65 (643–644) , accessed on February 6, 2017 .
  3. ^ Jörg Scheuerbrandt: Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 176 ( PDF p. 178 table 18 ).
  4. ↑ Military diplomas of the years 109 ( CIL 16, 162 and RMD-02.84) and 114/117 ( CIL 16, 165 ).
  5. ↑ a b inscriptions ( CIL 2, 2552 June 10, 163, CIL 2, 2553 October 15, 167, CIL 2, 2555 ).
  6. ^ Notitia dignitatum in partibus Occidentis 42.30 ( online ).