Cohors I Sebastena

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The military diploma of the year 139 ( CIL 16, 87 )

The Cohors I Sebastena (or Sebastenorum ) [milliaria] ( German  1st cohort from Sebaste [1000 men] ) was a Roman auxiliary unit . It is attested by military diplomas and inscriptions.

Name components

  • Sebastena : from Sebaste. The soldiers of the cohort were recruited from the town of Sebaste and the surrounding area when the unit was set up. In the east of the Roman Empire, the newly established auxiliary units were usually named after cities, although there were exceptions to this practice.
  • milliaria : 1000 men. Depending on whether it is an infantry cohort ( Cohors milliaria peditata ) or a mixed association of infantry and cavalry ( Cohors milliaria equitata ), the nominal strength of the unit was either 800 or 1040 men. In the military diplomas in which the unit is listed as milliaria , the symbol is used instead of milliaria .

Since there is no reference to the addition of equitata (partially mounted) to the name , it can be assumed that it is a pure infantry cohort ( Cohors milliaria peditata ). The nominal strength of the unit was therefore 800 men, consisting of 10 Centuries with 80 men each.

history

The first evidence of unity in the province of Syria is based on a military diploma dated to the year 88. In the diploma, the cohort is listed as part of the troops (see Roman Forces in Syria ) that were stationed in Syria. Further military diplomas, dated from 91 to 186, prove the unity in Syria (or from 139 in the province of Syria Palestine ).

The unit is not yet shown as milliaria on the military diplomas for the province of Syria . Probably in connection with Trajan's Parthian War, the cohort was expanded to a Cohors milliaria .

Locations

The locations of the cohort in Syria are not known.

Members of the cohort

The following members of the cohort are known:

Commanders

  • Gaius Avillius Maximus : he is named on a diploma of 160 as a commander.
  • Celesticus, a curator ripae superioris et inferioris before becoming the unit's commander. ( AE 1947, 172 )

Others

  • Vaxade, a foot soldier: a diploma of 160 ( AE 2005, 1730 ) was issued to him.

See also

Web links

Commons : Cohors I Sebastena  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ David Benjamin Cuff: The auxilia in Roman Britain and the Two Germanies from Augustus to Caracalla: Family, Religion and "Romanization". Dissertation, University of Toronto 2010, p. 260 ( PDF p. 270 ).
  2. ^ Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, pp. 172-173, tables 14, 15 ( PDF, pp. 174-175 ).
  3. ^ A b John Spaul: Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1841710464 , pp. 438-439, 453
  4. ↑ Military diplomas of the years 88 ( CIL 16, 35 ), 91 ( RMD 1, 4 ), 139 ( CIL 16, 87 ), 142 ( RMM 29 ), 149/161 ( RMD 1, 60 ), 158 ( ZPE-159- 283 ), 160 ( AE 2005, 1730 , AE 2011, 1810 , RMD 3, 173 , RMM 41 ) and 186 ( RMD 1, 69 ).
  5. ↑ Werner Eck : New military diplomas for the provinces of Syria and Iudaea / Syria Palaestina In: Scripta Classica Israelica , Volume XXIV (2005), pp. 101–118, here p. 105 ( online ).