Cohors I Ulpia Petraeorum

The Cohors I Ulpia Petraeorum [sagittariorum or sagittaria] [milliaria] [equitata] ( German 1st ulpic cohort from Petra [the archer ] [1000 men] [partially mounted] ) was a Roman auxiliary unit . It is evidenced by military diplomas and inscriptions.

Name components

Ulpia : the Ulpian. The honorary designation refers to Emperor Trajan , whose full name is Marcus Ulpius Traianus . A total of 16 cohorts with this suffix are known.

Petraeorum : from Petra . The soldiers of the cohort were recruited from the city of Petra and its surroundings when the unit was set up . After the annexation of the kingdom of the Nabataeans by Trajan 106 the soldiers of the royal army were taken over into the Roman armed forces.

sagittariorum or sagittaria : [the / from] archer. The addition appears in the military diploma ( AE 2006, 1845 ) in the abbreviations sag and sagitt .

milliaria : 1000 men. Depending on whether it was an infantry cohort ( Cohors milliaria peditata ) or a mixed association of infantry and cavalry ( Cohors milliaria equitata ), the nominal strength of the unit was either 800 or 1040 men.

equitata : partially mounted. The unit was a mixed association of infantry and cavalry.

The unit was a Cohors milliaria equitata . The nominal strength of the unit was therefore 1040 men, consisting of 10 Centurien infantry with 80 men each and 8 tower cavalry with 30 riders each.

history

The first evidence of unity in the province of Syria is based on a military diploma dated to AD 129. In the diploma, the cohort is listed as part of the troops (see Roman forces in Syria ) that were stationed in the province. Another diploma, dated 156/157, proves unity in the same province.

A vexillation of the unit took part in the Parthian War of Lucius Verus (161-166). It is listed in an inscription as part of the units directed by Marcus Valerius Lollianus ( CIL 3, 600 ). The inscription says that Lollianus was the commander in Mesopotamia over sections of selected riders of the Alen [..] and the cohorts .

Locations

The locations of the cohort are not known.

Members of the cohort

The following members of the cohort are known.

Commanders

The commanders had the rank of tribune .

Λ. Αβουρνιος Τουοκιανος
Μ. Αχειλιος Μοχιμου

Remarks

↑ For details on the military diplomas (literature, dates etc.) see the disc page.

Individual evidence

^ ^A ^b ^c John Spaul: Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1-84171-046-4 , Pp. 438,449
^ Jörg Scheuerbrandt: Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 172 table 14 ( PDF p. 174 ).
↑ Florian Matei-Popescu: Two Fragments of Roman Military Diplomas Discovered on the Territory of the Republic of Moldova Dacia, NS, tome LI, Bucarest, 2007, pp. 153–159, here p. 155 ( online ).
↑ Military diplomas of the years 129 ( AE 2006, 1845 ) and 156/157 ( CIL 16, 106 ). Other military diplomas on which the unit is listed: ( AE 2006, 1841 , AE 2006, 1852 , ZPE-188-255 and ZPE-193-253).
↑ Rudolf Haensch , Peter Weiß : A difficult way. The road construction inscription by M. Valerius Lollianus from Byllis. In: Communications from the German Archaeological Institute. Roman department . Volume 118, 2012, pp. 435-454, here pp. 441-442, and pp. 448-449 ( online ).

[MD-5] For details on the military diplomas (literature, dates etc.) see the disc page.

[jsp-1] A ^b ^c John Spaul: Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1-84171-046-4 , Pp. 438,449

[js-2] Jörg Scheuerbrandt: Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 172 table 14 ( PDF p. 174 ).

[fmp-3] Florian Matei-Popescu: Two Fragments of Roman Military Diplomas Discovered on the Territory of the Republic of Moldova Dacia, NS, tome LI, Bucarest, 2007, pp. 153–159, here p. 155 ( online ).

[MD-4] Military diplomas of the years 129 ( AE 2006, 1845 ) and 156/157 ( CIL 16, 106 ). Other military diplomas on which the unit is listed: ( AE 2006, 1841 , AE 2006, 1852 , ZPE-188-255 and ZPE-193-253).

[rh-6] Rudolf Haensch , Peter Weiß : A difficult way. The road construction inscription by M. Valerius Lollianus from Byllis. In: Communications from the German Archaeological Institute. Roman department . Volume 118, 2012, pp. 435-454, here pp. 441-442, and pp. 448-449 ( online ).