Cohors Scutata Civium Romanorum

The Cohors Scutata Civium Romanorum ( German cohort Scutata of the Roman citizens ) was a Roman auxiliary unit . It is evidenced by a military diploma and inscriptions.

Name components

Scutata : equipped with the scutum .

Civium Romanorum : the Roman citizen. Either the soldiers of the cohort were recruited from Roman citizens when the unit was established or the soldiers of the unit had been granted Roman citizenship at a certain point in time. However, this did not apply to soldiers who were accepted into the unit after this point in time. They received Roman citizenship only with their honorable farewell ( Honesta missio ) after 25 years of service.

Since there are no references to the additions milliaria (1000 men) and equitata (partly mounted), it can be assumed that it is a pure infantry cohort, a Cohors (quingenaria) peditata . The nominal strength of the unit was 480 men, consisting of 6 Centuries with 80 men each.

history

The first secure evidence of unity in the province of Aegyptus is based on a diploma dated 206. In the diploma, the cohort is listed as part of the troops (see Roman Forces in Aegyptus ) that were stationed in the province.

The unit is mentioned for the last time in the Notitia dignitatum under the command of the Dux Thebaidos for the Mutheos site.

Locations

Cohort locations in Aegyptus may have been:

Alexandria : the inscription ( CIL 3, 6610 ) was found here.
Mutheos: The unit is listed in the Notitia dignitatum for this location.
Ptolemais Hermeiou : the inscription ( CIL 3, 12069 ) was found in a quarry near Ptolemais Hermeiou .

Members of the cohort

The following members of the cohort are known:

Commanders

[] Longeius Ra [] us, a prefect (around 100/175) ( CIL 8, 25846 )

Others

Anton (ius), a centurion (around 1/99) ( CIL 3, 6610 )

C (aius) Sulpicius Aper, a soldier ( CIL 3, 6610 )

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b Werner Eck : Septimius Severus and the soldiers. The problem of soldier marriage and a new auxiliary diploma In: Studies on history from antiquity to modern times , Harrassowitz Verlag, Wiesbaden 2011, pp. 63–77, here p. 71 ( online )
^ Military diploma of the year 206 ( AE 2012, 1960 ).
^ Notitia dignitatum in partibus Orientis XXXI.59 ( online ).

[we-1] Werner Eck : Septimius Severus and the soldiers. The problem of soldier marriage and a new auxiliary diploma In: Studies on history from antiquity to modern times , Harrassowitz Verlag, Wiesbaden 2011, pp. 63–77, here p. 71 ( online )

[MD-2] Military diploma of the year 206 ( AE 2012, 1960 ).

[ND-3] Notitia dignitatum in partibus Orientis XXXI.59 ( online ).