Cornwall pig
The Cornwall Pig (or Large Black ) is a breed of domestic pig from England . It was bred by crossing various English breeds in the early 19th century.
features
The Cornwall pig is of medium size with a boar shoulder height of up to 85 and the sow between 75 and 80 centimeters. The boar weighs 280 to 320 kilograms, the sow weighs 200 to 240 kilograms. The animal is large-framed with a long and deep trunk. It is dark gray to black without spots or other markings. The body-covering bristles are very thin, which makes the pig appear naked or smooth. The tail is set high. The head is moderately long and broad, the profile line is only slightly dented. The ears are drooping.
distribution
The Cornwall pig is widespread as a farm pig, especially in its native Great Britain . In Hungary, the Cornwall is one of the so-called salami pigs , which are specially bred in the area around Szeged for winter salami . There are also smaller breeding groups around the world. Today, however, this breed of pig is only of minor importance in breeding.
Breeding history
The Cornwall pigs originated as a breed in England in the early 19th century in several lines. They are descended from indigenous country pigs and several British breeds. The first two lofts were bred, with the larger and slimmer pigs in the counties of Cornwall and Devon and the more robust animals in Essex and Suffolk . Around 1900, both lines were merged into one breed, with a breeders' association being founded and a herd book opened as early as 1898 .
At the turn of the 20th century, the Large Blacks were the most widespread breed of domestic pig in Great Britain and they were also exported to the European continent. The first animals came to Germany in 1896, but were only able to establish themselves moderately here. They were only given the name "Cornwall pigs" or "Cornwalls" in Germany, as the imported animals came from the county of the same name. The colorful Bentheim pig was bred by crossing Cornwall and Berkshire pigs into German country pigs .
Large Blacks were not admitted to exhibitions at the Royal Agricultural Society and the Smithfield Club until 1910, and were popular until the 1920s. From 1960 the number of breeders and animals decreased rapidly, however, in 1986 there were only 200 breeding sows in Great Britain. In 1951 the number of Cornwall pigs in Germany was 1.4 percent of the purebred domestic pigs, in 1968 the proportion was below 0.1 percent.
properties
The Cornwall pig is described as a hardened and frugal domestic pig and is a good user of farmed feed. It is very suitable for outdoor keeping and, due to its low susceptibility to sunburn, also for higher areas with strong sunlight.
The sows have young animals regularly and have plenty of milk. The animals are particularly suitable as "bacon" and permanent goods pigs .
literature
- Hans Hinrich Sambraus: Color atlas of farm animal breeds. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, p. 289. ISBN 3-8001-3219-2
