Crenosomosis

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As Crenosomose is called an infestation with the lung worm Crenosoma vulpis in dogs . The main host of this lungworm is the red fox , but domestic dogs , raccoon dogs , wolves and coyotes are also attacked. The disease occurs in large parts of Europe, but also in eastern Canada and Alaska .

Pathogen

Adult representatives of Crenosoma vulpis colonize the host's bronchi . Female worms are 12 to 16 mm long, male 4 to 8 mm. The first larvae released by them are coughed up and swallowed. They get into the outside world through the excrement, where they are ingested by snails . In the intermediate host, the infectious third larva develops after two moults. Dogs become infected by eating the infected intermediate host. Those in the third larvae migrate from the small intestine to the lungs via the bloodstream via the liver.

Clinical picture and diagnostics

Crenosomosis is only characterized by minor symptoms, which arise from tissue damage as a result of larval migration in the liver and lungs. This mainly causes coughing and difficult breathing . If the infection is high, mucous to bloody bronchitis can occur, and if there is a bacterial secondary infection, bronchopneumonia can occur .

X-rays of the lungs usually give no clues, sometimes a slight bronchial or interstitial mark can be seen.

The detection of C. vulpis in faecal samples with the standard flotation method is relatively uncertain; only 28.5% of the faecal samples that were positive after the larval migration method also lead to a positive result with the flotation method.

treatment

Moxidectin , milbemycin oxime and fenbendazole are suitable for treatment ; in Germany only the former two are approved for the treatment of crenosomosis.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e D. Barutzki: Nematode infections of the respiratory tract in dogs in Germany. In: Tierärztliche Praxis Kleintiere 41 (2013), pp. 326–336.
  2. ↑ Dominique Grandjean et al .: Parasitic Rhinitis: Crenosoma infestation . In: Practical guide to dog breeding diseases. Aniwa Publications 2001, p. 111.
  3. ↑ T. Bihr and GA Conboy: Lungworm (Crenosoma vulpis) infection in dogs on Prince Edward Island. In: Can Vet J. 40 (1999), pp. 555–559, PMC 1539780 (free full text)