Actual trapdoor spiders
| Actual trapdoor spiders | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
||||||||||||
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Ctenizidae | ||||||||||||
| Thorell , 1887 |
The actual trapdoor spiders (Ctenizidae) are a family of tarantula-like spiders and comprise 3 genera and 53 species. Although it is called a trapdoor spider, it does not build a trapdoor in the direct sense, as the flap-like construction can only be opened upwards and not downwards.
Appearance and behavior
The actual trapdoor spiders are very similar to the brown trapdoor spiders in appearance and behavior. However, they have no adhesive hairs (scopula) on the tarsi , are usually much darker and stronger and have no markings.
Like the brown trapdoor spiders, the actual trapdoor spiders dig a living tube in the ground and close it with a lid made of spider silk, camouflaged with soil or parts of plants. However, the lid is usually much thicker in the members of this family. When hunting, the animals usually only leave their tube so far that the rearmost leg remains in the tube and thus keeps the lid open.
distribution
The Cteniza species are widespread in the Mediterranean region in Italy and France . Only Cteniza ferghanensis occurs in Central Asia . The two Cyrtocarenum species are common in Greece and Turkey and the species of the genus Stasimopus occur only in South Africa .
Genera
The World Spider Catalog currently lists 3 genera and 54 species for the actual trapdoor spiders. (As of December 2018)
-
Cteniza
Latreille , 1829
- Cteniza brevidens ( Doleschall , 1871)
- Cteniza ferghanensis Kroneberg , 1875
- Cteniza genevieveae Canard , 2018
- Cteniza moggridgei O. Pickard-Cambridge , 1874
- Cteniza sauvagesi ( Rossi , 1788)
-
Cyrtocarenum Ausserer , 1871
- Cyrtocarenum cunicularium ( Olivier , 1811)
- Cyrtocarenum grajum ( CL Koch , 1836)
-
Stasimopus Simon , 1892
- Stasimopus artifex Pocock , 1902
- Stasimopus astutus Pocock , 1902
- Stasimopus bimaculatus Purcell , 1903
- Stasimopus brevipalpis Purcell , 1903
- Stasimopus caffrus ( CL Koch , 1842)
- Stasimopus castaneus Purcell , 1903
- Stasimopus coronatus Hewitt , 1915
- Stasimopus dreyeri Hewitt , 1915
- Stasimopus erythrognathus Purcell , 1903
- Stasimopus filmeri Engelbrecht & Prendini , 2012
- Stasimopus fordi Hewitt , 1927
- Stasimopus gigas Hewitt , 1915
- Stasimopus griswoldi Engelbrecht & Prendini , 2012
- Stasimopus hewitti Engelbrecht & Prendini , 2012
- Stasimopus insculptus Pocock , 1901
- Stasimopus insculptus peddiensis Hewitt , 1917
- Stasimopus kentanicus Purcell , 1903
- Stasimopus kolbei Purcell , 1903
- Stasimopus leipoldti Purcell , 1902
- Stasimopus longipalpis Hewitt , 1917
- Stasimopus mandelai Hendrixson & Bond , 2004
- Stasimopus maraisi Hewitt , 1914
- Stasimopus meyeri ( Karsch , 1879)
- Stasimopus minor Hewitt , 1915
- Stasimopus nanus Tucker , 1917
- Stasimopus nigellus Pocock , 1902
- Stasimopus obscurus Purcell , 1908
- Stasimopus oculatus Pocock , 1897
- Stasimopus palpiger Pocock , 1902
- Stasimopus patersonae Hewitt , 1913
- Stasimopus poweri Hewitt , 1915
- Stasimopus purcelli Tucker , 1917
- Stasimopus quadratimaculatus Purcell , 1903
- Stasimopus qumbu Hewitt , 1913
- Stasimopus robertsi Hewitt , 1910
- Stasimopus rufidens ( Ausserer , 1871)
- Stasimopus schoenlandi Pocock , 1900
- Stasimopus schreineri Purcell , 1903
- Stasimopus schultzei Purcell , 1908
- Stasimopus spinipes Hewitt , 1917
- Stasimopus spinosus Hewitt , 1914
- Stasimopus steynsburgensis Hewitt , 1915
- Stasimopus suffuscus Hewitt , 1916
- Stasimopus tysoni Hewitt , 1919
- Stasimopus umtaticus Purcell , 1903
- Stasimopus umtaticus rangeri Hewitt , 1927
- Stasimopus unispinosus Purcell , 1903
Individual evidence
- ^ A b Heiko Bellmann : Kosmos-Atlas arachnids of Europe . 2nd Edition. Kosmos-Verlag, 2001, ISBN 3-440-09071-X .
- ↑ Natural History Museum of the Burgergemeinde Bern: World Spider Catalog Version 19.5 - Ctenizidae . Retrieved December 22, 2018.
Web links
Ctenizidae in the World Spider Catalog