Cybalomiinae
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| Cybalomiinae | ||||||||||
| Marion , 1955 |
The Cybalomiinae are a small subfamily of the Crambidae family in the superfamily of the common common moth (Pyraloidea).
features
The Cybalomiinae are characterized by the reduction of various features in the male genital apparatus and the tympanic organs of the females. The proboscis and maxillary palpus are well developed; Jordanian organ is absent. On the front wings, between the wing veins R3 + 4 and R5, there is a fovea (a convex surface that acts as a sound resonator). The vein M1 on the hind wings arises at the front part of the discoidal cell and is not connected to the vein Rs. The CuA vein does not split. The Praecinctorium consists of a simple flap and has an obliquely rounded tip. The gnathos has short lateral arms that give way at the junction of the uncus and tegumen. The distal part of the Gnathos is triangular to spatula-shaped, heavily sclerotized , the same length as the uncus and lies parallel to it. As with the Crambinae, the tegumen is high and tightly arched.
Distribution and way of life
The representatives of the subfamily are found in the hot and dry regions of southern Europe, Africa, Asia, Australia, western North America, Central and South America and the Antilles . Little is known about the early stages of these species. The oligophagous larvae of most species live on the cruciferous family (Cruciferae) and caper family (Capparidaceae).
Systematics
Kristensen 1998 gives the number of species as 55, Solis in 2009 as 122. For the subfamily, there seems to be a considerable need for revision. In 2009 all species in the western hemisphere were assigned to other subfamilies. According to Fauna Europaea 2011, 12 species in 5 genera belong to the subfamily Cybalomiinae in Europe:
- Genus Cybalomia Lederer, 1863
- Cybalomia lutosalis (male, 1862)
- Cybalomia pentadalis (Lederer, 1855)
- Genus Hyperlais Marion, 1959
- Hyperlais argillacealis (Zeller, 1847)
- Hyperlais cruzae (Agenjo, 1953)
- Hyperlais dulcinalis (Treitschke, 1835)
- Hyperlais glyceralis (Staudinger, 1859)
- Hyperlais nemausalis (Duponchel, 1834)
- Hyperlais rivasalis (Vazquez, 1905)
- Hyperlais siccalis Guenée, 1854
- Genus Krombia Chretien, 1911
- Krombia venturalis Luquet & Minet, 1982
- Genus Thyridiphora Warren, 1888
- Thyridiphora furia (Swinhoe, 1884)
- Genus Trichophysetis Meyrick, 1884
- Trichophysetis whitei Rebel, 1906
swell
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Niels P. Kristensen: Lepidoptera, moths and butterflies . In: Maximilian Fischer (Ed.): Handbook of Zoology . 1st edition. tape 4 - Arthropoda: Insecta , volume 35. de Gruyter, Berlin / New York 1998, ISBN 3-11-015704-7 , p. 246 (English).
- ↑ a b M. A. Solis: Transfer of All Western Hemisphere Cybalomiinae to Other Subfamilies (Crambidae: Pyraloidea: Lepidoptera): Elusia Schaus, Dichochroma Forbes, Schacontia Dyar, Cybalomia extorris Warren, and C. lojanalis (Dognin). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 111 (2) : pp. 493-504, abstract
- ↑ Cybalomiinae in Fauna Europaea. Retrieved March 8, 2011
literature
- František Slamka: The common moth (Pyraloidea) of Central Europe: determination - distribution - flight area - way of life of the caterpillars . 2nd partially revised edition Bratislava 1997 ISBN 80-967540-2-5 .
Web links
- Markku Savela: Lepidoptera and some other life forms (English)
- Global Information System on Pyraloidea (GlobIZ )
- Cybalomiinae at Fauna Europaea