Düsseldorf steel house settlements
In the Düsseldorf steel house estates of Düsseldorf-Rath and Düsseldorf-Wersten , 246 apartments for refugees and deportees, some with large families, were built in steel construction in the second half of the 1920s. The settlements were designed by the municipal building department in Düsseldorf and built by Stahlhaus GmbH from Duisburg-Ruhrort on behalf of the city of Düsseldorf .
location
The steel house settlement in Rath was north of the S-Bahn route in the district of Osterfelder Strasse, Eickeler Strasse, Weitmarer Strasse, Herner Strasse. The steel house settlement in Wersten was on Manforter Strasse between Dabringhauser Strasse and Langenfelder Strasse and Immigrather Strasse and Witzenheldener Strasse.
Building design
These were steel lamellar structures based on the Blecken system , in which the outer skin of the outer walls was formed by 3 mm thick 1.15 × 2.80 m large sheets of copper-plated Thomas steel with a permanent anti-rust coating on both sides. The loads from the joist layer and the roof were absorbed by them. For reasons of buckling resistance and for the connection to one another, the individual steel lamellas are crimped around 8 cm deep at right angles at their edges . They were screwed together along these flanges during assembly. According to the expert opinion of the materials testing office in Berlin-Dahlem , the joints created in this way could withstand a load of up to 12 t.
With the joints of the slats 8 x 8 cm thick wooden posts are bolted, which were used for securing the heating and cooling protection acquiring inner skin of the outer wall, for which in principle any heat-insulating materials, such as Tekton -, Teruklith -, lignate - and gypsum boards and Celotex and Asbestos panels were suitable.
In the Düsseldorf steel house settlements, the inner lining was made from 7 cm thick plaster leg panels, the thermal insulation of which in connection with the steel wall construction was compared in 1928 by the Laboratory for Technical Physics of the Technical University of Munich with a brick wall plastered on both sides, 38 cm thick. Both because of the high thermal conductivity of the steel and because of the ventilation openings in the foot and head plates of the outer wall, the inner wall cladding had the task of thermal insulation. According to an investigation of a steel house built at the beginning of 1926 and equipped with plaster leg plates on the inside, it was proven that this construction principle was used to prevent the precipitation of condensation on the steel wall. With a difference of 25 ° between the outside and inside temperature, after removal of the inner wall cladding, it was found that the inside of the steel wall was absolutely dry and no signs of rust were noticeable anywhere .
Extreme frugality was also expressed in the outward appearance of the settlement. Six two- to four-room apartments were combined into one block. High roofs with drying floors underneath were avoided. The roofs were covered with tar-free cardboard. Half of the building blocks in Düsseldorf-Wersten had a cellar. The buildings of the settlement Rather had no basement, there was only an underground 1 m³ large coal bunker , which was accessible through a flap in front of the kitchen stove in the kitchen floor. As was customary at the time, fir or pine wood was used for the floors, windows and doors . The construction time from the beginning of the earthworks to moving into the first apartments in Rath was about two months.
costs
The production price was ℛℳ 26,000 per building block with six apartments including a basement , so an average of 4500 per apartment. This relatively low construction cost allowed the municipality of Düsseldorf to sell the three-room apartment with around 50 m³ of living space in Rath at a basic price of 21 ℛℳ and in Wersten of 25 ℛℳ without its own subsidies.
Depending on the number of children, there were graduated percentage discounts for large families, so that, for example, in the Wersten housing estate, a family with four children had to pay 17.80 ℛℳ for a three-room apartment of around 50 m² living space with a spacious basement and around 60 m² garden.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ A b Richard Batz: Steel houses and steel house settlements near Düsseldorf. In: Zentralblatt der Bauverwaltung , 49th year 1929, No. 26 (from June 26, 1929) ( online ), pp. 415–417.