De novo synthesis

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The de novo synthesis refers to chemical reactions for the production of molecules from relatively simple precursor molecules. Since no larger molecules are used for it, it is called de novo ( Latin for 'from new').

properties

A de novo - synthesis is in organic chemistry usually largely synonymous for the total synthesis used.

In biochemistry, anabolic metabolic pathways for the biosynthesis of molecules from newly generated raw materials are known as de novo syntheses. In contrast to de novo synthesis, in a salvage pathway the precursor substances from the biological degradation of other biomolecules are released and reused.

example

A well-known example of de novo synthesis is the formation of polychlorinated dibenzodioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD / F) in the waste gas from a waste incineration plant . In a temperature range of 200 ° C to 400 ° C, metal-catalyzed chlorination reactions produce PCDD / F from carbon contained in the combustion exhaust gas. Countermeasures include optimizing the burnout and dedusting the exhaust gas at temperatures below 200 ° C.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Y. Wang, Y. Xing, Q. Zhang, GA O'Doherty: De novo synthesis of natural products via the asymmetric hydration of polyenes. In: Chemical communications. Volume 47, number 30, 2011, pp. 8493-8505, doi: 10.1039 / c1cc11791b . PMID 21559534 .
  2. ↑ D. Giguère, J. Martel, TC Shiao, R. Roy: Enantioselective de novo synthesis of 4-deoxy-D-hexopyranoses via hetero-Diels-Alder cycloadditions: total synthesis of ezoaminuroic acid and neosidomycin. In: The Journal of organic chemistry. Volume 76, number 23, 2011, pp. 9687-9698, doi: 10.1021 / jo201673w . PMID 22026714 .
  3. ↑ J. Li, E. Daly, E. Campioli, M. Wabitsch, V. Papadopoulos: De novo synthesis of steroids and oxysterols in adipocytes. In: The Journal of biological chemistry. Volume 289, Number 2, 2014, pp. 747-764, doi: 10.1074 / jbc.M113.534172 . PMID 24280213 . PMC 3887202 (free full text).
  4. ↑ SK Sadasivan, B. Vasamsetti, J. Singh, N. Siddaraju, KM Khan, AM Oommen, MR Jagannath, RP Rao: Modulation of de novo purine biosynthesis leads to activation of AMPK and results in improved glucose handling and insulin sensitivity. In: Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders. Volume 13, 2014, p. 51, doi: 10.1186 / 2251-6581-13-51 . PMID 24855629 . PMC 4030739 (free full text).
  5. ↑ F. Gibellini, TK Smith: The Kennedy pathway - De novo synthesis of phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine. In: IUBMB life . Volume 62, Number 6, 2010, pp. 414-428, doi: 10.1002 / iub.337 . PMID 20503434 .
  6. ^ Richard A. Harvey, Richard A. Harvey, Denise R. Ferrier: Biochemistry. Lippincott's illustrated reviews. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2011. ISBN 978-1-60831-412-6 .
  7. ↑ a b VDI 3460 sheet 1 : 2014-02 emission reduction; Thermal waste treatment; Basics ( Emission control; Thermal waste treatment; Fundamentals ) . Beuth Verlag, Berlin, pp. 107-108.
  8. ↑ VDI 3927 sheet 2: 2015-05 exhaust gas cleaning; Reduction of inorganic and organic trace substances in waste gases from combustion processes (flue gases) ( Waste gas cleaning; Reduction of inorganic and organic trace species in combustion flue gases ) . Beuth Verlag, Berlin, p. 34.