Raw material

Raw materials ( English basic commodities ) are unprocessed or only slightly processed material goods , as Vorleistungsgut for further processing or as a final product for consumption is determined.

General

These are raw materials , semi-finished products , semi-finished products or intermediate products that serve as starting material for the manufacturing industry . According to the expanded economic definition of the Havana Charter (March 1948), raw materials are “every agricultural , forestry or fishery product and every mineral , regardless of whether this product is in its natural form or whether it has undergone a change is generally necessary for sale in significant quantities on the international market ”.

The demarcation between raw materials , basic materials and semi-finished products is difficult because it is a fluid process; Industrial raw materials are always basic materials for a further industrial production process over several processing stages . Even semi-finished products after the first processing stage (such as pig iron and raw copper) are also still regarded as raw materials because they represent raw materials for further processing.

species

There are essentially two main groups of raw materials:

• Those in the agricultural production of agriculture , forestry and plantation economy from the natural materials obtained ( natural products ).
• The decomposition products obtained in mining , including the extraction of sand and the manufacture of cement , lime , bricks , glass, etc. from mineral mining products and the basic synthesis products obtained in the chemical industry .

Some raw materials such as coal need after their removal only a small further processing before the consumption can be fed. On the other hand, significant further processing takes place in the basic industry .

Others

Gotthard Oswald Marbach saw basic materials as a synonym for chemical elements in 1853 , because "In chemistry, basic materials are those substances or bodies which have not yet been identified as chemical compounds from other materials, and which have not yet been able to be broken down further". However, they are not basic substances, but pure substances that can no longer be broken down into other substances using chemical methods.

literature

• Literature on basic material in the catalog of the German National Library

See also

• chemistry
• Mining industry
• Precursors

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Basic material. In: Duden online. Bibliographisches Institut, Mannheim, 2012, accessed on November 15, 2015 . 
2. ↑ Volker Häfner, Gabler Volkswirtschafts-Lexikon , Volume 1, 1983, p. 490
3. ↑ Martin Brown, Status and Development Tendencies of Supply Chain Management in the German Basic Industry , 2009, p. 23
4. ↑ Verlag Dr. Th. Gabler, Gablers Wirtschaftslexikon , Volume 3, 1984, Sp. 1906 f.
5. ↑ Verlag Dr. Th. Gabler, Gablers Wirtschaftslexikon , Volume 3, 1984, Sp. 1906 f.
6. ↑ Gotthard Oswald Marbach, Physikalischen Lexikon: Encyklopädie der Physik und their auxiliary sciences , Volume 2, 1853, p. 596