Dedre Gentner

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Dedre Gentner (born before 1950) is an American psychologist and cognitive scientist.

Gentner studied physics from 1962 at the University of California, Berkeley , with a bachelor's degree (BA) in 1967 and received his doctorate in psychology from the University of California, Davis , in 1974 with Don Norman. Her dissertation was on possession verbs. At that time she also worked with David Rumelhart . From 1968 to 1970 she was a school teacher in Achimota in Ghana . From 1974 to 1977 she was an assistant professor at the University of Washington and from 1977 to 1982 with Bolt, Beranek and Newman . In 1984 she became Associate Professor and 1989 Professor of Psychology at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign . In 1990 she moved to Northwestern University as a professor , and from 2007 as Alice Gabriel Twight Professor . She also directed the program in cognitive science there. Since 2007 she has been co-director of the university's Spatial Intelligence and Learning Center .

She is known for her research into analogies in thinking. For this she developed her structure mapping theory, which also tested itself experimentally. According to this, analogies consist of the identification of structural relationships between a base area and a target area, whereby the objects therein do not have to have any similarity. She formalized this algorithmically in the Structure Mapping Engine (SME) with Ken Forbus . She also made important contributions in the field of language and thinking, verbs, mental models , language learning in children.

Gentner also looked at the role of analogies and metaphors in the history of science.

She is a Fellow of the American Psychological Society , the American Association for the Advancement of Science (2010), and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (2004). In 2016 she received the David E. Rumelhart Prize . In 1993/94 she was President of the Cognitive Science Society , of which she is a Fellow (2003). In 2012 she received a Humboldt Research Award (with which she was with Ken Forbus at the Hanse-Wissenschaftskolleg and in Bremen). From 2006 to 2012 she was on the advisory committee of the MPI for Psycholinguistics . From 2001 to 2006 she was Associate Editor of Cognitive Science .

Fonts (selection)

  • with Albert L. Stevens (Ed.): Mental Models, Hillsdale: Erlbaum 1983
    • therein with DR Gentner: Flowing waters or teeming crowds: Mental models of electricity, pp. 99–129
  • with Keith J. Holyoak, Boicho N. Kokinov (Eds.): The analogical mind. Perspectives from cognitive science, MIT Press 2001
  • with Susan Goldin-Meadow (Ed.): Language in mind: Advances in the study of language and thought, MIT Press 2003

Essays:

  • Some interesting differences between nouns and verbs, Cognition and brain theory, Volume 4, 1981, pp. 161-178.
  • Structure-mapping: A theoretical framework for analogy. Cognitive Science, Volume 7, 1983, pp. 155-170.
  • with J. Grudin: The evolution of mental metaphors in psychology: A 90-year retrospective. American Psychologist, Vol. 40, 1985, pp. 181-192.
  • with B. Falkenhainer, KD Forbus: The structure-mapping engine: Algorithm and examples. Artificial Intelligence, Vol. 41, 1989, pp. 1-63.
  • with RL Goldstone: Respects for similarity. Psychological review, Volume 100, 1993, p. 254.
  • with AB Markman: Structural alignment during similarity comparisons. Cognitive psychology, Volume 25, 1993, pp. 431-467.
  • with KD Forbus, K. Law: MAC / FAC: A model of similarity-based retrieval. Cognitive Science, Volume 19, 1995, pp. 141-205.
  • with AB Markman: Structure mapping in analogy and similarity. American Psychologist, Vol. 52, 1997, pp. 45-56.
  • with B. Bowdle: The career of metaphor. Psychological Review, Volume 112, 2005, pp. 193-216.
  • with J. Loewenstein: Relational language and the development of relational mapping, Cognitive psychology, Volume 50, 2005, pp. 315–353.
  • Bootstrapping the mind: Analogical processes and symbol systems. Cognitive Science, Volume 34, 2010, pp. 752-775.
  • with KD Forbus: Computational models of analogy, Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Cognitive Science, Volume 2, 2011, pp. 266-276.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ D. Gentner, M. Jeziorski, The shift from metaphor to analogy in western science. In A. Ortony (Ed.), Metaphor and thought, Cambridge UP, 2nd Edition 1993, pp. 447-480
  2. ↑ D. Gentner, KD Forbus, AB Markman et al. a .: Analogical reasoning and conceptual change: A case study of Johannes Kepler. The Journal of the Learning Sciences, Volume 6, 1997, pp. 3-40.
  3. ↑ Rumelhart Prize for Gentner ( Memento of the original from September 10, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / rumelhartprize.org
personal data
SURNAME Gentner, Dedre
BRIEF DESCRIPTION American psychologist and cognitive scientist
DATE OF BIRTH before 1962