David Rumelhart

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David Everett Rumelhart (born June 6, 1942 in Wessington Springs , South Dakota , † March 13, 2011 in Chelsea (Michigan) ) was an American psychologist who, among other things, introduced the backpropagation method in neural networks and a leading scientist in the Was cognitive science .

Life

Rumelhart studied psychology and mathematics at the University of South Dakota (Bachelor 1963) and received his doctorate in mathematical psychology from Stanford University in 1967 . He then went to the University of California, San Diego (first in 1967 as Assistant Professor of Psychology, later Professor), where he founded the Institute of Cognitive Science. In 1987 he moved back to Stanford University as a professor. In 1998 he retired due to illness. He suffered from Pick's disease and last lived with his brother in Ann Arbor .

In the 1970s he and the LNR group (Lindsay, Norman, Rumelhart) pursued the representation of knowledge in semantic networks , that is , using methods derived from linguistics . In the early 1980s, together with James McClelland and others, he developed computer programs that simulated processes in object perception and learning based on neural networks. Both his book with Norman Explorations in Cognition (1975) and Parallel distributed processing (1986) with McClelland were very influential.

In 1987 Rumelhart was a MacArthur Fellow . He was a member of the National Academy of Sciences and, since 1991, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences . He received the Warren Medal from the Society of Experimental Psychologists, the Grawemeyer Award in Psychology from the University of Louisville (2002 with James McClelland), and the Distinguished Scientific Contribution Award from the American Psychiatric Association (APA).

In 2000 the David E. Rumelhart Prize in Cognitive Science was donated by the Robert J. Glushko and Pamelo Samuelson Foundation and awarded by the Cognitive Science Society. It is endowed with $ 100,000 and is awarded annually.

He was married and had two sons.

Fonts

  • with Donald Norman Explorations in cognition , Freeman, San Francisco 1975, German translation structures of knowledge - ways of cognition research , Klett-Cotta 1978
  • with McClelland and the PDP Research Group Parallel distributed processing- explorations in the microstructure of cognition , 2 volumes, MIT Press 1986
  • with McClelland Explorations in parallel distributed processing: a handbook of models, programs, and exercises , MIT Press 1988
  • with Geoffrey E. Hinton , Ronald Williams Learning representations by back-propagating errors , Nature, Volume 323, 1986, pp. 533-536, abstract
  • with Mark A. Gluck (Editor) Neuroscience and connectionist theory , Hilldale, Erlbaum Associates 1990
  • Introduction to human information processing , Wiley 1975
  • with William Ramsey, Stephen P. Stich (Editor) Philosophy and connectionist theory , Hillsdale, Erlbaum Associates 1991
  • with Yves Chauvin (editor) Backpropagation: theory, architectures and applications , Erlbaum Associates 1995
  • with Benjamin Bly (Editor) Cognitive Science ; Academic Press 1999

See also

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Dates of birth from obituary in NY Times
  2. ↑ Parallel distributed processing
personal data
SURNAME Rumelhart, David
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Rumelhart, David Everett (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION American psychologist and cognitive scientist
DATE OF BIRTH June 6, 1942
PLACE OF BIRTH Wessington Springs , South Dakota
DATE OF DEATH March 13, 2011
Place of death Chelsea , Michigan