The socialist

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From 1891 the socialist was initially the organ of the young social democratic opposition and from 1893 an anarchist magazine, published in Berlin from 1891 to 1899.

history

When it was founded in 1891, the socialist was a publication by the Association of Independent Socialists , a group of young opposition Social Democrats who rejected the statutory parliamentary procedure, as Hermann Teistler, the first editor, wrote in issue no.1. Teistler had a critical and negative attitude towards anarchism. However, after Gustav Landauer took over the editorship in 1893 , articles on the subject of anarchism often appeared. The publisher Wilhelm Werner had no reservations about having Der Sozialist appear as an anarchist magazine from No. 14, 1893, since, according to Landauer, there is no difference in principle or tactically between anarchism and free socialism. The Association of Independent Socialists , which thus no longer had its own press organ, was dissolved in April 1894. In 1895 the subtitle of Der Sozialist was the organ of all revolutionaries , and from May 1899 an anarchist monthly .

The socialist of January 12, 1895

After Landauer's arrest in 1893 for "inciting disobedience to the authorities", Ladislau Gumplowicz took over the editorial office at short notice. The responsible editors had to change frequently since 1894, mostly because of arrests. Many articles were published either without an author's name or under a pseudonym . Numerous translations have also been published from La Revolte , Freedom , Question Soziale and reprints from Der Freidenker , Ethische Kultur and Die Gesellschaft . Between 1892 and 1898 there were 27 bans out of 43 editions. The police seized No. 11 of March 17, 1894 because of a front-page poem by John Henry Mackay , Mother of Freedom, Revolution . The court was of the opinion that it was a "provocative text".

From 1894 permanent rubrics were published, Our Movement, Mailbox of the Editor, Event Notes and From Time, as well as an article on the Romanian socialist movement and literary supplements. From November 1891 to April 1899 the magazine appeared weekly, in the last months of its publication monthly with articles by P. Kropotkin, Benedict Friedländer , Michail Bakunin , JH Mackay, Ferdinand Domela Nieuwenhuis , Robert Reitzel , Willy Schlueter , Leo Tolstoi , Bruno Wille and other.

Anarchist library

A series of publications affiliated to the Socialist Anarchist Library , published from 1893 to 1899, edited by Gustav Landauer with a circulation of between 5000 and 20,000 copies. Numbers 1 to 6 were banned in 1894/1895. Issue 1 contained articles by Peter Kropotkin and Elisée Reclus . Issues 2 through 5 also contained texts by Kropotkin, “To the Young People”, “Anarchist Morality” and “The Wage System”. Issue 3 was published by Albert Brock with the contribution " Communist Anarchism ". Issue 6 contained the series of articles "Why we are anarchists".

Magazines of the same name

  • The Socialist , who appeared in the Hungarian city ​​of Pest , organ of the Social Revolutionary Party of Budapest. For the working class of Hungary . The editor was the tailor's assistant Hermann Arnim Prager. Published with an edition of 5000 copies in 1892 with 5 issues.
  • The socialist , organ of the socialist federation . Editors: Gustav Landauer, Margarete Faas. Bimonthly with an average print run of 2000 copies, published from 1909 to 1915 in Berlin. The predecessor was the magazine Der Sozialist from 1891 to 1899. The printer Max Malte Müller produced the magazine free of charge. His drafting into the military in 1915 meant the end of the publication.
  • Der Sozialist , published in Bern ( Switzerland ) from 1909 to 1913, every two months. The editors were the Revolutionary Circles of Switzerland , Margarete Faas-Hardegger.
  • Der Sozialist , a weekly theoretical journal of the Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany (USPD) published from 1918 to 1922 under the editor-in-chief of Rudolf Breitscheid , emerged from the journal Sozialistische Foreign Policy , which was also published by Breitscheid between 1916 and 1918, and a pacifist organ of the anti-civil peace policy in the SPD, then from 1917 the USPD.

proof

literature

  • Max Nettlau , History of Anarchy . Library Thélème, Münster 1993. Reprint, with a new introduction by Heiner Becker (Ed.). Volume 3, ( The Socialist , Hungary) page 321. Volume 1, ( The Socialist , Berlin) page 72, 99, 168, 175 and ( The Socialist , Bern) page 99.Volume 5 ( The Socialist , Berlin) page 200, 204 and 206. As well as ( Der Sozialist , Bern) page 248.
  • Rudolf Rocker , Johann Most . The life of a rebel . Page 281, 287.Berlin 1924/1925. New edition: Libertad Verlag, Berlin and Cologne 1994. ISBN 3922226221
  • Ulrich Linse : Organized anarchism in the German Empire from 1871 . Pages 48 to 54, 65, 66, 73, 75, 86 to 91.Berlin 1969

Web links

Brief information about the individual issues Der Sozialist in the database of German-speaking anarchism (DadA).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Cf. on this: Rudolf Rocker, Johann Most ("The Socialist", Berlin) and: Ulrich Linse, Organized Anarchism
  2. ↑ See: Max Nettlau, History of Anarchy , Volume 3
  3. ↑ See: Max Nettlau, History of Anarchy , Volume 1
  4. ↑ See: Max Nettlau, History of Anarchy , Volumes 1 and 5