Dermoscopic vital histology
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The Dermatoscopic Vitalhistologie (from Greek δέρμα derma German, skin 'and ancient Greek σκοπεῖν skopein , German , regarded' as well as Latin vitalis German, belonging to life '; ancient Greek ἱστός histos , German , fabrics' and λόγος lógos , German , teaching' ; syn . Incident light microscopic vital histology ) is a diagnostic procedure in dermatology .
description
The Dermatoscopic Vitalhistologie is the consideration and assessment of microscopic structures of living tissue, in the case of dermoscopy healthy or pathologically altered skin on. The microscopy of the skin surface is done in incident light by illuminating the area to be examined from the direction of the lens or through the lens itself using a dermatoscope, incident light microscope or by means of digital dermatoscopy or video dermatoscopy.
Significance and areas of application
The non-invasive examination technique of vital histology deals with the visual dermatoscopic detection and interpretation of healthy and pathologically altered structural features of superficial and deeper layers of skin on the living organism. The view into the projection pattern reveals three-dimensional aspects of microanatomical characteristics of the epidermis and papillary body to the observing eye, which would not be possible with the two-dimensional histological sectional image of dead tissue. Structure and color criteria allow, in addition to the diagnosis of the fine tissue correlate, targeted diagnoses based on reproducible combinations of characteristics on the entire integument including easily accessible mucous membranes. The main areas of application of vital histology are pre-invasive or preoperative diagnostics for the assessment of the dignity of skin tumors, the differentiation of initial and small skin changes including early melanoma detection, sequential digital dermatoscopy, peripheral horizontal cutting edge control, inflammoscopy, the detection of parasites and infestations.
history
In 1927 P. Vonwiller developed a microscope with high resolution for reflected light and dark field illumination, known as the slit opaque illuminator from Leitz , Wetzlar. This made it possible to visualize epithelial cells and vessels of the epidermis-cutis border. Working groups around Franz Ehring, Leonhard Illig and Johannes Schumann used and expanded the technical advances in microscopy, exposure and image reproduction. Pivoting stereo microscopes, intravital microscopes, slit opaque illuminators (up to 1000x magnification), xenon lamps , high- pressure mercury vapor lamps , automatic miniature camera systems and, from 1977, analog video dermatoscopes were used. Using these microscopy and lighting techniques, it became possible to further develop intravital microscopy into a "vital histology of the uppermost skin layers". Franz Ehring (1921–2005) is considered to be the founder of modern dermatoscopic vital histology. In 1970, Johannes Schumann from Franz Ehring's work group, in whose further development the then doctoral student Werner Voss was involved, introduced vital histology for the diagnosis of pigment cell tumors of the skin. In 1985, Friedrich A. Bahmer and Christian Rohrer-Höffgen, in cooperation with Olympus , succeeded in developing a handy, practical SLR camera system (image scale 5.5-13.6: 1) that was suitable for analog documentation of findings.
literature
- Faris Abuzahra: The development of reflected light microscopy. From the experimental beginnings to a diagnostic tool. Waxmann Verlag, 1995, ISBN 978-3-830-95378-4 ( limited preview in Google book search).
- Werner Voss: Vital histology of pigmented skin tumors. Inaugural dissertation, Münster, 1975.
- Hans Schulz, Max Hundiker, Jürgen Kreusch: Compendium of dermatoscopy. Springer-Verlag, 2016, ISBN 978-3-662-49491-2 ( limited preview in Google book search).
- Franz Ehring, Johannes Schumann, Werner Voss: The vital microscopy of the skin in incident light. 1. The vital histology of the skin. 2. The vital histology of pigment tumors. Westdeutscher Verlag, 1977 [eBook edition Springer-Verlag, 2013], ISBN 978-3-322-88152-6 ( limited preview in Google book search)
- Leonhard Illig, Hermann Conraths: microscopic live recordings of the capillary bed of animals and humans. 1. CH Boehringer Sohn, Ingelheim, 1959.
- Leonhard Illig, Hermann Conraths: microscopic live recordings of the capillary bed of animals and humans. 2. CH Boehringer Sohn, Ingelheim, 1959.
- Hans Schulz: reflected light microscopic vital histology. Springer-Verlag, 2002, ISBN 978-3-642-56162-7 ( limited preview in Google book search).
- P. Vonwiller: Lebendige Gewebslehre. Commission publisher Zollikoffer & Co, St. Gallen, 1945
- Friedrich A. Bahmer, Christian Rohrer: A contribution to the differentiation of early melanomas by means of a simple method of high-resolution skin surface photography. Akt Dermatol 1985; 11: 149-53
- Johannes Schumann, Brigitte Biess: Vital histology of malignant melanoma. Verh Dtsch Derm Ges, 29th conference, Berlin, September 29th-October 2nd, 1971. Arch Derm Forsch 1972; 244: 275-8
- Christian Schulz: Vascular changes in skin tumors in reflected light microscopy. Inaugural dissertation, Münster 2000