Desulfobacterales

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Desulfobacterales
Systematics
Classification : Creature
Domain : Bacteria (bacteria)
Department : Proteobacteria
Class : Deltaproteobacteria
Order : Desulfobacterales
Scientific name
Desulfobacterales
Kuever et al. 2006

The Desulfobacterales form an order of sulfate-reducing bacteria within the Deltaproteobacteria . Bacteria with the preceding syllable Desulfo- in their name are mostly desulfurizers and reduce sulfate to sulfide (hydrogen sulfide). Like all proteobacteria, the members of this order are gram-negative .

Appearance

Up until the 1980s, sulfate-reducing bacteria were regarded as strictly (obligatory) anaerobic , i.e. only viable under the complete exclusion of oxygen. Over the past two decades this notion has been abandoned more and more. Recent research has shown that desulfurizers tolerate oxygen and continue to use sulfate as an energy source even when exposed to oxygen.

Systematics

The order Desulfobacterales belongs to the Proteobacteria division and here to the Deltaproteobacteria class .

Desulfurizers appear in many phylogenetically widely separated lines of the bacteria domain . This metabolic pathway has probably developed independently of one another several times in evolution. In the Deltaproteobacteria it is still found in the orders Desulfovibrionales and Syntrophobacterales . Desulfurication also occurs in the Phylum Thermodesulfobacteria and in the order Clostridiales of the Firmicutes department (genus Desulfotomaculum ). Desulfurizers can also be found in the domain Archaea , e.g. B. the genus Archaeglobus .

Sulfur-reducing species can be found in the Desulfuromonadales and Desulfurellales orders, which also belong to the delta group . They cannot reduce sulfate, only elemental sulfur and also thiosulfate are used by these species as an energy source. Hence the prefix desulfur here , it refers to the elemental sulfur (sulfur).

The Desulfobacterales belong to three families:

The last family, the Nitrospinaceae, currently (as of February 2019) only includes the genus Nitrospina .

swell

  1. ↑ LK Baumgartner, RP Reid, C. Dupraz, AW Decho, DH Buckley, JR Spear, KM Przekop, PT Visscher: Sulfate reducing bacteria in microbial mats: Changing paradigms, new discoveries In: Sedimentary Geology 185 (2006): p. 131 -145 Sciencedirect
  2. ↑ JP Euzéby: List of Prokaryotic Names with Standing in Nomenclature Desulfobacterales Status: February 4, 2019

literature

  • Martin Dworkin, Stanley Falkow, Eugene Rosenberg, Karl-Heinz Schleifer, Erko Stackebrandt (Eds.) The Prokaryotes, A Handbook of the Biology of Bacteria . 7 volumes, 3rd edition, Springer-Verlag, New York et al. O., 2006, ISBN 0-387-30740-0 . Vol. 2: Ecophysiology and Biochemistry ISBN 0-387-2549-27

Web links