Dit (literature)

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The Dit ( altfrz. Dit "Spruch Spruch story" to lat. Dictum "saying") is a genus of medieval French poetry, which from the 13th century, first as a lyrical short form with moral, often satirical arose impact, but then to A mixed form of verse and prose , which also incorporated elements of dialogue . He is therefore not always clearly distinguishable from Débat , Conte - in turn, formally between novel and novella - and Fabliau .

The stanza structure of the dit consists of rhyming pairs or quartets of Alexandrians with a common rhyme. He develops his subject on a (moral, serious or cheerful) example , on a description of objects, professions, street scenes, experiences and the like. a. Everyday things.

The topics of the dits can also be found in everyday life, they deal with u. a. the pompousness of women ( Blasme des dames ), the quacks ( Dit de l'herberie ) or the decline of the clergy by greedy priests ( Dit de sainte Église ). Numerous substances from anonymous works found their way into the history of literature through the Dit, e . B. the Diz dou vrai aniel from sources in Arabic literature as a model for Gotthold Ephraim Lessing's ring parable . Other authors are Rutebeuf , who used the Dit for political propaganda against the Hohenstaufen dynasty, and Baudoin de Conde , of whom 80 works have been preserved, including the Dit des trois Morts et des trois Vifs (before 1280), one of the fundamentals of the dance of death . Works by Jean Froissart , Guillaume de Machaut ( Le livre du Voir dit ), Christine de Pizan ( Dit de la Rose ) and Eustache Deschamps , Jean Bodel and Gautier de Coincy have survived from a later period .

literature

General representations

  • Wolfram Kleist: The narrative French diet literature in “quatrains alexandrins monorimes” . (Dissertation) Hamburg 1973.
  • Monique Léonard: Le "dit" et sa technique littéraire des origines à 1340 . Paris / Geneva 1996. ISBN 2-85203-561-8

To Machauts Le livre du Voir dit

  • Agnès Baril: Guillaume de Machaut: “Le livre du voir dit”. Commentaire grammatical et philologique des lignes 1 à 4153 (pages 41 à 366) . Paris 2001. ISBN 2-7298-0770-5
  • Sylvie Bazin-Tacchella / Laurence Hélix / Muriel Ott: "Le livre du Voir Dit" by Guillaume de Machaut . Neuilly 2001. ISBN 2-912232-31-7
  • Paul Imbs: Le Voir-Dit de Guillaume de Machaut. Ètude littéraire . Paris 2001. ISBN 2-7453-0583-2