Dominican monastery Soest

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Plan and view of the Dominican monastery of Soest from 1813

The Dominican monastery Soest (also called Black Monastery) was founded between 1228 and 1232. It existed until the dissolution in 1812, the former monastery church of the Holy Cross as a building until 1820/21.

history

The exact founding circumstances and first sponsors are unknown. The sources cannot prove whether the noble lords of Plettenberg contributed significantly to the founding. However, Johann Diederich von Steinen explains in his Westphalian story : "1231, Rabodo von Plettenberg is the main donor of the Dominican monastery in Soest". Like the Franciscan order, the Dominicans in Soest also had to deal with the resistance of the parish priests in the city, who viewed the new orders as competition. Papal privileges confirmed the rights of the order of preachers in 1265 and 1305. In 1241 the monastery was recognized by the Dominican order as a full convent. At that time the convention must therefore have had at least twelve members. The monastic offices included prior , subprior and lector.

At that time the convent belonged to the Teutonia Order and later to the Saxonia Province. This met with the ultimately futile resistance of the Cologne archbishops as sovereigns, as Cologne itself still belonged to the province of Teutonia. The monastery was in the parish of the Wiesenkirche . With his pastor there was a process for parish rights in 1288/89. Pope Benedict XI. delimited the rights of secular clergy, bishops and the order of preachers from one another. The two orders of preachers in Soest coordinated their areas with one another. An agreement was reached with the Minorites about the sermons to be alternately held in front of the main church of St. Peter and about processions. The Soest Dominican Convent has looked after the Dominican Convent Paradiese near Soest since 1251 and the Galilee Monastery near Meschede since the 15th century . Jakob von Soest was one of the well-known brothers .

After the introduction of the Reformation in Soest in 1531/32, the Dominicans had to accept restrictions. However, the order was able to assert itself in the city. He devoted himself to the pastoral care of the minority who remained Catholic. After all, in 1754 the convent consisted of 40 brothers. A decline in income worsened the economic situation at the end of the 18th century. In 1814 the community was abolished. In the end there were seven fathers and five lay brothers. The monastery church of the Holy Cross was demolished in 1820.

A wing of the former monastery is still preserved, which is structurally connected to a neighboring department store. In Soest the street name of the pedestrian zone Brüderstraße and the Gasthaus Mönchshof (name reference but possibly unhistorical) remind of the presence of the "Black Brothers" in the northwest of the old town. The monastery archive is now in the Münster State Archives.

literature

  • Edeltraud Klueting : The monastery landscape of the Duchy of Westphalia in the High Middle Ages . In: Harm Klueting (Ed.): The Duchy of Westphalia. Volume 1: The Electorate of Cologne Duchy of Westphalia from the beginnings of Cologne rule in southern Westphalia to secularization in 1803. Aschendorff, Münster 2009, ISBN 978-3-402-12827-5 , pp. 93-97.
  • Hubertus Schwartz : Soest in his monuments. Third volume: Gothic churches (=  Soest scientific contributions, volume 16). 2nd unchanged edition. Westfälische Verlagsbuchhandlung Mocker & Jahn, Soest 1979, pp. 9–26.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ First part, the XXVIII. Piece, page 815
  2. ↑ See http://www.kreiter.info/familie/docs/reiseberichte/soest/markt-stadthalle.htm

Coordinates: 51 ° 34 ′ 30 ″  N , 8 ° 6 ′ 12.5 ″  E