Donduk Kuular

Donduk Kuular (* 1888 ; † 1932 ) was a Tuvinian politician, head of state and first prime minister of the Tuvinian People's Republic .

Seizure of power

Donduk Kuular was a Lamaist monk . He joined a group of "National Bolsheviks" who in 1921, with Soviet support, proclaimed Tuva independence. The country became the third socialist state in the world after the Soviet Union .

politics

Donduk Kuular was then a leading member of the Tuvinian People's Revolutionary Party (TPRP). In 1924 he was elected chairman of the Kleiner Churals (Tuvan parliament) and was thus head of state. Above all, he sought a compromise with the Mongolian People's Republic , which Tuva recognized under international law. Territorial conflicts between the two states were resolved through Donduk Kuular's mediation, but in general Donduk Kuular also sought closer ties to Mongolia .

In the period that followed, Donduk Kuular pursued an increasingly independent policy from Moscow , which angered Stalin . Donduk Kuular wanted to transform Tuva into a Lamaist theocracy . He spoke out against the influx of Russian settlers and against pro-Russian propaganda in the country. In 1926 he introduced Buddhism as the state religion . In November 1926, Donduk Kuular was elected Prime Minister and the country was renamed the Tuvinian People's Republic .

Coup

In 1929, Soviet politics staged a communist coup in Tuva. Donduk Kuular was deposed as prime minister, arrested and later replaced by Salchak Toka (1901–1973), a favorite of Stalin. On March 6, 1932, he became General Secretary of the People's Revolutionary Party of Tuva. Donduk Kuular was executed in 1932 at Stalin's instigation .

literature

• EM Ondar: Perwy predsedatel Presidiuma Malogo Churala Tuwinskoi Narodnoi Respubliki Kuular Donduk : In: Westnik Tywinskogo gossudarstwennogo uniwersiteta. Sozijalnyje i gumanitarnyje nauki . No. 1, 2010, pp. 161-166. ( PDF file; 1.65 MB )