Third neighbor policy
The third neighbor policy is an important part of Mongolian foreign policy. It is a reaction to the consequences of the country's geographic location between the two superpowers Russia in the north and China in the south. Historically, Mongolia has been politically dominated by either the Chinese Empire or the Soviet Union for the past 300 years . Mongolia's economic, infrastructural and security-political dependence on its neighbors has resulted from its inland location to this day. With a market share of over 90%, China is the most important buyer of Mongolian raw materials, especially hard coal and copper , while Russia imports a large part of the gas and diesel volume required .
Since Mongolia gained independence in 1990, attempts have been made to break this dependency through intensified bilateral and multilateral relations with countries in the Western world . In a balancing act, connections in the cultural, political and economic area should be maintained without endangering the good relations with the two neighboring countries. In addition to the USA and the EU countries, Japan has also developed into a preferred partner country. Mongolia is also involved in many international organizations , such as the OSCE , ASEAN and the World Bank, and also contributes troops to international peace missions of the United Nations .
Individual evidence
- ^ A b c Daniel Schmücking: The search for the third limit. Mongolian foreign policy between Russia and China. Konrad Adenauer Foundation, 2015, accessed on July 19, 2017 .
- ↑ Bolor Lkhaajav: Mongolia's Third Neighbor Policy Blooms. The Diplomat, March 18, 2016, accessed July 19, 2017 .