Pressurized water (dyke construction)
In dyke construction, pressurized water is used to describe groundwater that is pressing upwards alongside the diked water .
Basics
Pressurized water is a typical phenomenon in river plains with dammed rivers. If the water level in the river rises higher than the surrounding land, which is possible because of the dykes without flooding the lowland, the high river water level exerts pressure on the groundwater, which normally flows slowly into the river.
On the one hand, this pressure increase prevents the inflowing groundwater from flowing away, on the other hand, there is also a counterflow from the stream. Both of these lead to an increase in groundwater lakes in the river plains. Insofar as the pressure is sufficient to push the water out of the gravel and sand layers through layers of more impermeable loamy and clayey soil, pressurized water points or lakes are formed.
If the pressure in the vicinity of the river becomes so high that surface layers are broken up, hydraulic ground fractures can occur, through which such an amount of groundwater flows that the diked area is flooded. The result is practically a temporary artesian well .
Pressurized water sinks as a habitat
In places where pressurized water occurs more frequently, there are often special plants and crabs that are able to survive very long dry periods as seeds or eggs. On the Rhine z. As used in pressurized water sinks Blattfußkrebse ( Branchiopoda before), as a representative of the branchiopoda , Triops cancriformis , and the lens cancer ( Limnadia lenticularis ).
Reduction of pressurized water, flood protection, polders
In order to prevent major damage to agriculture or buildings in the river basin, the affected areas are drained in some areas and water is pumped into the higher river via pumping stations. In view of the large number of structurally and economically used lowlands, this is problematic for flood situations .
The fear that there will be more pressure water damage in basements, z. B. repeatedly in lawsuits from residents or municipalities against flood protection polders .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ LAUB Gesellschaft für Landschaftanalyse und Umwelttechnik mbH: Extension of the runway at the Speyer airfield - landscape maintenance accompanying plan -, 2006, as application document V part of the documents for the plan approval procedure Extension of the runway at the Speyer airfield, page 42
- ↑ E.g. for a council to fill up the area in the Rhine lowlands up to the usual pressurized water levels: Archive link ( Memento of the original from July 4, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Example in advance: Archived copy ( memento of the original from May 17, 2006 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. and in front of the Higher Administrative Court: http://admin.pfaelzischer-merkur.de/region/landespolitik/art27452,2794041 ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
