Juba Arabic
| Juba Arabic ( Arabi Dschuba ) | ||
|---|---|---|
|
Spoken in |
South Sudan , Sudan | |
| Linguistic classification |
Creole language
|
|
| Language codes | ||
| ISO 639-3 |
pga |
|
The Juba-Arabic is an official language, mainly in the province of Equatoria in southern Sudan is spoken.
The name comes from the city of Juba , the capital of South Sudan. It is also spoken in communities of people from South Sudan who live in cities in Sudan . The pidgin language developed in the 19th century among descendants of Turkish soldiers in the Turkish-Egyptian Sudan , many of whom were forcibly recruited from South Sudan. Sudan and South Sudan were then part of the Ottoman Empire . The residents of the south, in particular, were urged to convert to Islam and adopt the Arabic language . Residents of other large cities in South Sudan, including Malakal and Wau in particular , now speak less and less Juba Arabic and instead tend to use an Arabic that is closer to Sudan Arabic . Many add elements of their local mother tongue, but forget their own language in favor of standard Arabic , as the latter enjoys a higher political reputation.
classification
Juba Arabic is derived from a pidgin language which is based on Sudan Arabic . It has a greatly simplified grammar as well as the influence of local languages from the south of the country. Juba Arabic is classified on the one hand as a pidgin language, on the other hand as a Creole language (which means that the languages are passed on from parents to children as a mother tongue). It is recognized by some Sudanese intellectuals as a representative of a language that is not necessarily a "poorly spoken Arabic" but a dialect that can be distinguished.
Due to the Sudanese Civil War from 1983 onwards, further research in this area was banned. However, the growth in size of the city of Juba since the beginning of the civil war and its relative isolation from most of the hinterland during this period - together with the de facto collapse of the state education system in the government-held garrison town (which continues to use Arabic instead of Juba Arabic) - the terms of use and transmission of Juba Arabic have changed since the time of the last available research. However, the new independent government of South Sudan has chosen English alone as the new official language in South Sudan instead of Arabic and native languages such as Juba Arabic, Dinka , Nuer and Shilluk .
swell
- D DeCamp: The Development of Pidgin and Creole Studies . In: Valdman, A (Eds.): Pidgin and Creole Linguistics . Indiana University Press, 1977.
- Ashari Ahmed Mahmud: Linguistic Variation and Change in the Aspectual System of Juba Arabic . Georgetown University Press, Washington, DC 1979.
- Ashari Ahmed Mahmud: Arabic in the Southern Sudan: History and the Spread of a Pidgin-Creole 1983.
- AH Abdel Salam, A De Waal: On the failure and persistence of Islam . In: De Waal (Ed.): Islamism and Its Enemies in the Horn of Africa . Indiana University Press, Bloomington & Indianapolis 2004, ISBN 0-253-34403-4 , pp. 21-70.
- Rob Kevlihan: Beyond Creole Nationalism? Language Policies, Education and the Challenge of state building in southern Sudan . In: Ethnopolitics . 6, No. 4, 2007, pp. 513-543.
Web pages
- Dschuba-Arabic-English-Dictionary: Kamuus ta Arabi Dschuba wa Ingliizi
- Podcasts in Juba Arabic
- Juba-Arabic Verbs-and-Phrases
further reading
- Manfredi, Stefano "Juba Arabic: A Grammatical Description of Juba Arabic with Sociolinguistic notes about the Sudanese community in Cairo", Università degli Studi di Napoli "L'Orientale".
- Miller, Catherine, 1983, "Le Juba-Arabic, une lingua-franca du Sudan méridional; remarques sur le fonctionment du verbe", Cahiers du Mas-Gelles , 1, Paris, Geuthner, pages 105-118.
- Miller, Catherine, 1983, "Aperçu du système verbal en Juba-Arabic", Comptes rendu du GLECS , XXIV-XXVIII, 1979-1984, T. 2, Paris, Geuthner, pages 295-315.
- Watson, Richard L., (1989), "An Introduction to Juba Arabic", Occasional Papers in the Study of Sudanese Languages, 6: 95-117.