Malacal
Coordinates: 9 ° 32 ' N , 31 ° 39' E
Malakal ( Arabic ملكال Malakāl ) is the capital of the state of Central Upper Nile (2015 to 2017 of Eastern Nile , until 2015 of Upper Nile ) in South Sudan . It was largely destroyed by the civil war in South Sudan .
location
The city is located in northeastern South Sudan, on the right bank of the White Nile . Malakal was planned as an end point of the unfinished Jonglei Canal .
population
For Malakal 165,637 inhabitants (calculation 2009) were given, the maximum was 250,000 (with refugees). The city and its surroundings were mainly inhabited by Dinka , Nuer and Schilluk . Due to the civil war in 2015, the city is largely depopulated today. Some of the former residents live in UN camps.
Population development:
| year | Residents |
|---|---|
| 1973 (census) | 34,894 |
| 1983 (census) | 33,737 |
| 1993 (census) | 72,000 |
| 2009 (calculation) | 165,637 |
history
Malakal was in the contested area of the Civil War . The city was held by the Sudanese central government throughout the civil war , while the surrounding area was ruled by rebels. Thus Malakal counted towards the end of the war, u. a. next to Juba , to the last power bases of the government in the south. In 2004 armed militias attacked numerous villages in the Shilluk area south of Malakal and displaced tens of thousands of people, most of them to Malakal.
As a result of the peace treaty of 2005, the city was transferred to the regional government of South Sudan. After the death of John Garang , the leader of the Sudanese People's Liberation Army (SPLA), riots broke out in the city on August 1, 2005, in which Sudanese Arabs were the target of violence because part of the population suspected that the government in Khartoum was was involved in Garang's death. Sudanese Arabs were attacked and their shops and homes looted and destroyed. Six people, both Arabs and South Sudanese, are believed to have died. As a result, many Sudanese Arabs left the city.
At the end of November 2006, the worst fighting since the peace agreement between the SPLA and members of the government army broke out in Malakal , in which hundreds were probably killed. Since then, there have been repeated disputes between Shilluk and Dinka over land and water rights in the area between Malakal and the northern Kodok . In January 2014, a Nile ferry sank near Malakal, killing 200 people. In 2015 there were violent clashes as part of the civil war, which displaced most of the people from the city.
Infrastructure
Climate table
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Monthly average temperatures and rainfall for Malakal
Source: wetterkontor.de
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Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Malakal: Ghost Town in South Sudan on dw.com ( Deutsche Welle ), September 25, 2018.
- ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of the original dated December 29, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Hundreds killed in south Sudan clashes — ex-officer. Sudan Tribune, November 30, 2006
- ^ Tribal fighting in Sudan's Malakal may escalate. Sudan Tribune, January 12, 2009
- ↑ http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-25725266
