Duke of Cornwall
Duke of Cornwall ( Engl. Duke of Cornwall ) is a British peerage . It is the first title of duke (dukedom) created in the Peerage of England . The Duke is the only one of the English dukes to have his own duchy (duchy), the Duchy of Cornwall (Duchy of Cornwall) .
There is also the Duchy of Lancaster (Duchy of Lancaster), but the title of Duke of Lancaster was merged with the crown in 1413 through the accession of Henry V to the throne and thus, strictly speaking, expired. However, it is traditionally still carried by the respective monarch, because the property belonging to the duchy is still managed and used separately from the English Crown Estate .
history
In the Historia Regum Britanniae , Geoffrey of Monmouth repeatedly reports of the mythical "Dukes of Cornwall" who are said to have descended from the inhabitants of Troy . One of these dukes is said to have been Uther Pendragon , the father of King Arthur .
The Duchy of Cornwall always belongs to the British monarch's eldest son , provided that he is the heir to the throne. It is the first ducal title created in the Kingdom of England . For the first time it transferred the parliament on February 9, 1337 to Edward of Woodstock ("Black Prince"), the eldest son of Edward III. Since Edward died before the king, the duchy was re-created in 1376 for his son, the future Richard II . Since 1421 a charter stipulates that the duchy falls to the eldest son (and heir) of the monarch.
If the monarch's eldest son dies childless, the title falls to his next younger brother, if he leaves an heir, the title does not fall to him, but merges with the crown. Underlying principle is the Duke of Cornwall that never a grandson, but must be always a son of the monarch, even if the grandson heir ( Heir Apparent ) should be. A woman can never be Duchess of Cornwall, even if she is the prospective heiress to the throne ( heiress presumptive ) . It is possible not to be both Prince of Wales and Duke of Cornwall at the same time . This applies to George III , for example . , the grandson of his predecessor George II .
Acting Duke
The current Duke of Cornwall is Charles, Prince of Wales , the eldest son of the British monarch, Queen Elizabeth II. Charles received the title of Duke in 1952 at the coronation of his mother. The official proclamation took place in 1973 at Launceston Castle . The feudal taxes that were traditionally due to him included a pair of white gloves, greyhounds, a pound of pepper and cumin, spurs, a hundred silver shillings, a bow, a spear, and firewood.
Since the marriage on April 9, 2005 in Windsor Charles' second wife used Camilla the courtesy title of Duchess of Cornwall ( Duchess of Cornwall ) to avoid confusion with the late Diana, Princess of Wales to avoid.
Duchy of Cornwall
The Duchy of Cornwall covers land with a total size of approximately 541 square kilometers, of which almost half is in the county of Devon , the remainder is spread over 23 other counties, mainly Cornwall , Herefordshire and Somerset . In total there are over 3500 individual leased properties. The duke uses the income to make a living and supports charitable organizations.
The Duke also has special rights over the county of Cornwall . The high sheriff is appointed by the duke, not the monarch, unlike in all other counties in England and Wales. All property belonging to the deceased without a valid heir throughout Cornwall goes to the Duke, not the monarch as usual. This regulation is called bona vacantia and also applies to historical finds such as gold coins and shipwrecks.
List of the Dukes of Cornwall
| Duke of Cornwall | parent | Award (by) | to |
|---|---|---|---|
| Edward of Woodstock | Edward III | 1337 (parliament) | 1376 (death) |
| Richard of Bordeaux | Edward of Woodstock | 1376 (charter) | 1377 (crowned as Richard II) |
| Henry of Monmouth | Henry IV | 1399 (parliament) | 1413 (crowned as Henry V.) |
| Henry | Henry V. | 1421 (birth) | 1422 (crowned as Henry VI.) |
| Edward of Westminster | Henry VI. | 1453 (birth) | 1471 (death) |
| Edward Plantagenet | Edward IV | 1471 (charter) | 1483 (later Edward V) |
| Edward, Earl of Salisbury | Richard III | 1483 (father crowned) | 1484 (death) |
| Arthur Tudor | Henry VII | 1486 (birth) | 1502 (death) |
| Henry Tudor, Duke of York | Henry VII | 1502 (brother's death) | 1509 (crowned as Henry VIII) |
| Henry Tudor | Henry VIII | 1511 (birth) | 1511 (death) |
| Henry | Henry VIII | 1514 (birth) | 1514 (death) |
| Henry | Henry VIII | 1534 (birth) | 1534 (death) |
| Edward Tudor | Henry VIII | 1536 (birth) | 1536 (death) |
| Edward Tudor | Henry VIII | 1537 (birth) | 1547 (crowned as Edward VI) |
| Henry, Duke of Rothesay | James I. | 1603 (father crowned) | 1612 (death) |
| Charles Stuart, Duke of York | James I. | 1612 (brother's death) | 1625 (crowned as Charles I.) |
| Charles James Stuart | Charles I. | 1629 (birth) | 1629 (death) |
| Charles Stuart | Charles I. | 1630 (birth) | 1649 (crowned as Charles II) |
| James Francis Edward Stuart | James II | 1688 (birth) | 1689 (father deposed) |
| George Augustus | George I. | 1714 (father crowned) | 1727 (crowned as George II) |
| Frederick Lewis | George II | 1727 (father crowned) | 1751 (death) |
| George Augustus Frederick | George III | 1762 (birth) | 1820 (crowned as George IV.) |
| Albert Edward | Victoria | 1841 (birth) | 1901 (crowned as Edward VII) |
| George | Edward VII | 1901 (father crowned) | 1910 (crowned as George V.) |
| Edward | George V. | 1910 (father crowned) | 1936 (crowned as Edward VIII) |
| Charles | Elizabeth II | 1952 (mother crowned) |
See also
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Gorlois (Gorlais) - Mythical Duke of Cornwall. Cornwall Guide, accessed June 15, 2010 .
- ^ Duchy of Cornwall. Cornwall Calling, accessed June 15, 2010 .