Dutra D4K

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Dutra
Dutrad4k.jpg

A Dutra D4K at a classic car meeting in Bleckede , August 2011

D4K
Manufacturer: HSCS
Sales designation: Dutra D4K
Production period: 1964-1975
Engines: Diesel engines
Csepel DT-414 (5517 cm 3 )

Csepel 613.15 (7983 cm 3 )

Steyr WD 610 (5995 cm 3 )

Perkins 6.354 (5801 cm 3 ) Make

unknown (5391 cm 3 )

Other makes from Scania
Traction: 20 kN
Top speed: up to 30 km / h
Previous model: UE-28
Successor: Dutra 1000
Dutra D4K B harvesting green forage in the GDR, 1971
Two Dutra D4K plowing deep , 1965

The Dutra D4K is an all-wheel drive tractor from the Hungarian tractor factory "Red Star" . The D4K was the successor to the all-wheel tractor UE-28 and was in the two versions D4K and D4K B built.

prototype

First, a prototype called D4K 70 was produced. The D4K 70 had a pre-chamber diesel engine WD 413 from the manufacturer Csepel with a maximum output of 70 HP (51 kW) at 1650 rpm and a continuous output of 65 HP (48 kW). The all-wheel drive was implemented by a shaft that transfers the torque to the front axle without a transfer differential. The wave ran relatively far to the left between the axes. With the three-speed transmission with countershaft were forward reached 3.3 h to 19.5 km / backwards 1.3 hr to 4.0 km /.

D4K

D4K

The D4K, which went into series production, also received a diesel engine from Csepel; the naturally aspirated 5.5-liter pre-chamber diesel engine type "DT-414" was installed. It has 4 cylinders and an output of 65 hp (48 kW) at 1650 rpm. The motor is cantilevered on the frame in front of the front axle and can be replaced relatively quickly. This arrangement also gave the tractor the top-heaviness required for work with heavy equipment in its day, but it also caused rocking on bumps. The series D4K also has a three-speed gearbox with a two-stage reduction gear, i.e. six speeds in the forward direction. In addition, the transmission has two creep gears and two reverse gears. The speed range in the forward direction is from 1.14 to 21.55 km / h. The front-wheel drive can be switched off, the axles are also connected by a cardan shaft running relatively far to the left between the axles. The rear axle differential has a manual lock. The D4K has a steering gear with a globoid worm. From 1964 a hydraulic steering aid was available.

D4K B

D4K B

The further development of the D4K, the D4K B, was produced from 1964. The D4K B has the six-cylinder - diesel engine Csepel 613.15 cm³ with 7983 cubic capacity and a power of 90 HP (66 kW) at 1850 / min. This engine was also used in some Ikarus buses. For export to non-socialist economies , engines from other manufacturers such as Perkins or Scania were also used, including the Perkins 6.354 with 5801 cm 3 displacement and an output of 90  hp (67 kW). The D4K was also exported to the United Kingdom with a 5391 cc diesel engine developing 85 hp (63 kW) at 2200 rpm. Including the crawler gears, the D4K reaches speeds of 1.0 to 25.3 km / h with the engine delivered in Hungary. Since the same gearbox was always used, export variants with higher-speed engines reached speeds of up to around 30 km / h.

In some cases, engines from Steyr (WD 610) were used. The tractor was then called the Steyr-Dutra 110 or the Steyr-Dutra 1300. The WD 610 motor is the further development of the Csepel motor 613, which was a license replica of a Steyr motor. In contrast to the pre-chamber engine from Csepel, the WD 610 (WD: water (cooled) diesel) has direct injection . The displacement is given as 5995 cm³. Its output is 105 PS (77 kW) at 2300 rpm, which accelerates the tractor to around 30 km / h. Since the Steyr engine delivers its maximum torque at around 2200 / min, the Csepel engine at around 1800 / min, a reduction was built into the gearbox of the Steyr-Dutra tractors , which reduces the gearbox so that the Steyr engine has its optimum torque at PTO speed reached. The tractor only runs 25 km / h at 2300 rpm, and it reaches 30 km / h with direct drive. This also results in a doubling of the gears: 6 forward gears in the field group, 6 forward gears in the road group and a total of 4 reverse gears.

The D4K were particularly suitable for heavy tillage, for which chain tractors were mainly used in the GDR until the appearance of the D4K, but they were relatively noisy and not very comfortable. A total of around 15,000 D4K B were manufactured between 1964 and 1975; the largest export customer was the GDR, which purchased around 4,000 D4K B. The list price at the time was 39,500 marks from the German Central Bank, in Great Britain the cheapest version cost 3,445 pounds. At the end of 1977 there were still a maximum of 1722 D4K tractors in the GDR, which accounted for less than 5% of the number of tractors in the 20 kN traction class. The D4K used in the GDR were replaced by the ZT 300 and the K-700 . The agricultural production cooperatives only received purchase certificates for the K-700 if they could prove that a D4K had been scrapped. Therefore, and in the course of the extraction of secondary raw materials , practically the entire GDR stock of D4K was scrapped.

successor

The Dutra 1000, built as the successor to the D4K B, was not used in the GDR. It also received a Csepel 613 engine and no changes were made to the gearbox. The innovations included, among other things, a compressed air- controlled hydraulic brake system, unlike the D4K B, which has a pure compressed air brake that controls each wheel via a compressed air cylinder with brake rods. A closed safety cabin has also been developed to protect tractor drivers from accidents. The D4K B's cab is basically just around a weather canopy that was simply crushed when the tractor overturned, which meant a high risk of serious injury or death. The new safety cab has an integrated safety frame that keeps the cab stable even if it overturns, so that the driver has a better chance of survival.

Although the Dutra 1000 was built from 1970 to 1975, it did not have the gear reduction used in the Steyer-Dutra, so that only 3 gears each are available in the street and field groups.

Technical specifications

Technical data for vehicles as delivered to Warsaw Pact states; Vehicles for export to western countries were mostly given different engines.

D4K

  • Engine: four-cylinder diesel engine Csepel DT-414
  • Mixture formation: pre-chamber injection
  • Bore × stroke: 112 mm × 140 mm
  • Displacement: 5517 cm³
  • Output: 65 hp (48 kW) at 1650 rpm
  • Clutch: single-plate dry clutch
  • Gearbox: three-speed gearbox with countershaft and creeper, 2 × 3/2 × 1/2 × 1
  • Pulling force (1st gear, without ballast weights): 3750 kp (36.8 kN)
  • Pulling force (1st gear, with ballast weights and water-filled tires): 4130 kp (40.5 kN)
  • Length: 4350 mm (with draw hook)
  • Width: 1880 mm
  • Height: 2260 mm (above exhaust pipe)
  • Ground clearance: 300 mm
  • Wheelbase: 1850 mm
  • Track: 1550 mm
  • Weight: 4328 kg (ready for operation, without tractor operator)
  • Tires: 13–30 in (330–762 mm) AS
  • PTO: 558 / min at engine speed 1650 / min
  • Electrical system: 12 volts with 24 volts for starter motor
  • Accumulator: 2 × lead acid accumulator, 12 V, 105 Ah
  • Starter motor: 1 M1-4 / 24, 24 V, 2.9 kW

source

D4K B

  • Engine: Six-cylinder diesel engine Csepel 613.15
  • Mixture formation: pre-chamber injection
  • Displacement: 7983 cm³
  • Output: 90 PS (66 kW) at 1850 rpm
  • Number of gears forwards / backwards: 6/2
  • Length: 5020 mm
  • Width: 2100 mm
  • Height: 2530 mm
  • Wheelbase: 1950 mm
  • Mass: 5100 kg

source

Individual evidence

  1. a b c d Achim Bischof: GDR. Import tractors. Podszun, Brilon 2007, ISBN 978-3-86133-455-2 , p. 41, pp. 97-101.
  2. a b c d e f Bernhard Kramer: Nose ahead. In: Traktor Classic . 01, 2009, pp. 22-29.
  3. Modern Transport , Volume 92, 1964, p. 11
  4. ^ Automotive Industries , Volume 124, Chilton Company, 1961, p. 45
  5. R. Blumenthal: Design, utilization and development tendencies in heavy tractors for tillage , in agrartechnik 28th year, issue 10, October 1978, p. 445f.
  6. Catalog of the GDR agricultural machinery retail range from 1964/1966 - part tractors and vehicles , in the archive of the German Agricultural Museum Hohenheim, 1965, p. 17f

Web links

Commons : Dutra D4K  - collection of images, videos and audio files