Dvojanka
Dwojanka ( Bulgarian двоянка ) is a rare two-part double flute made of wood and a beaked flute that is played in Bulgarian folk music .
Design
The dwojanka consists of two tubes in one piece of wood. With the drone -Flute without finger holes on one side can be only play one sound. The melody is blown on the play tube with six finger holes. The range of the melody tube is two octaves . The flute is usually made of ash wood, the wood of the plum tree, the pear tree, dogwood or boxwood.
distribution
The dvojanka is particularly widespread in western and southwestern Bulgaria including parts of the Rhodope Mountains . Small wind instruments, called piski , are made in some localities in southwestern Bulgaria . It is a variant of the dvojanka . The piska consists of two hollow tubes, about 10 cm long, made from rye straws . Six holes are drilled in the front of a tube and one in the back. The other tube is used without a hole. The end of the game blows into both pipes at the same time: on the first he plays the melody, on the second he plays a sustained drone tone. The range of this straw pipe is limited to one sixth.
In Romania and the Republic of Moldova , a similarly built double flute is called fluier gemănat . The dwojanka is also similar to the dvojnica , a musical instrument typical of central and western Serbia and the Serbian areas along the Drina . The dvojnica , however, is built a little differently and is played in a slightly different way. In the Ukraine the double- beak flute dwodenziwka is known and in Slovakia the dvojačka comes in two different sizes.
Style of play
The melody is played on one side of the flute, while a low note is played on the other side of the flute for accompaniment. The way of playing is similar in structure to the music played with a kaval . Like the kawal , the dvojanka is a preferred instrument of the shepherds. Round dances and lively melodies are often played on the dvojanka . She was usually used by shepherds to play solo. Shepherds directed their flock by playing the dvojanka . While she made a certain tune go from the sheepfold to the pasture, another tune made her go back to the village in the evening.
The dwojanka produces a diatonic scale in the usual way of playing . Your tone is relatively weak. It represents a double version of the beaked flute duduk or swirka . Bulgarian folk musical instruments are either built so that they can produce two tones at the same time despite the prevailing monophony or they are used in pairs.
literature
- Vergilij Atanassov: Dvoyanka. In: Laurence Libin (Ed.): The Grove Dictionary of Musical Instruments. Vol. 2, Oxford University Press, Oxford / New York 2014, p. 124
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Stoyan Petrov, Magdalena Manolova, Donna A. Buchanan: Bulgaria . In: Stanley Sadie (Ed.): The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians . Vol. 4, Macmillan Publishers, London 2001, p. 575