Earl of Lincoln
Earl of Lincoln is a hereditary British title of nobility awarded nine times in the Peerage of England . The title refers to Lincoln Castle and the historic county of Lincolnshire .
Awards
For the first time, the title was bestowed on William d'Aubigny by King Stephen in 1139 . In the course of the civil war between King Stephen and Queen Matilda , Lincoln Castle was conquered in December 1140 by ruse by William de Roumare and his half-brother Ranulph de Gernon, 2nd Earl of Chester , and King Stephen appointed William de Roumare Earl of Lincoln . Two months later, King Stephen was captured at the Battle of Lincoln , and when he was released, Queen Matilda also confirmed the title for William de Roumare. William d'Aubigny received the title of Earl of Arundel around 1141 , but was still called Earl of Lincoln in documents . In the course of changing alliances in the civil war tore King Stephen in 1147 William de Roumare possession Lincoln and appointed Gilbert de Gant to Earl of Lincoln . With his death in 1156 his title expired. In 1198, his son Williams de Roumare, who was also called William, died, too, which ultimately made his title null and void.
On May 23, 1217, the title was given in the fourth bestowal to Ranulph de Blondeville, 4th Earl of Chester . On his death on October 28, 1232, the title expired and his lands in Lincolnshire were inherited by his daughter Hawise of Chester . On November 22nd, 1232 the title was newly created for their son-in-law John de Lacy and expired on the death of his great-granddaughter Alice de Lacy, 4th Countess of Lincoln on October 2nd, 1348.
On August 20, 1349 the title was bestowed in the sixth bestowal on Henry of Grosmont, 4th Earl of Lancaster . On March 6, 1351 he was also raised to Duke of Lancaster . On his death on March 13, 1361, the title Earl of Lincoln expired , his remaining titles fell to his son-in-law John of Gaunt .
In the seventh bestowal on March 13, 1467, the title of John de la Pole was bestowed. He was the eldest son and probable heir of the 2nd Duke of Suffolk and a nephew of King Edward IV. When he died childless on June 16, 1487 at the Battle of Stoke and before his father, his title became invalid. On June 18, 1525, the title was recreated for Henry Brandon , a younger son of the 1st Duke of Suffolk . He died on March 1, 1534 also childless and before his father, so that his title expired.
The last time the title was bestowed on May 4, 1572 in the ninth bestowal to Edward Clinton, 9th Lord Clinton , who served from 1550 to 1554 and from 1558 to 1585 as Lord High Admiral . The 9th Earl also inherited the title of 2nd Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne in 1768 . With the death of the 10th Duke without descendants on December 25, 1988 the duke dignity expired, the earl dignity went to a very distant relative, namely his 11th cousin, the Australian Edward Fiennes-Clinton as 18th earl. Today's title holder has been his son Robert Fiennes-Clinton, 19th Earl of Lincoln , since 2001 .
List of the Earls of Lincoln
Earls of Lincoln, first bestowal (1139)
- William d'Aubigny, 1st Earl of Arundel , 1st Earl of Lincoln (around 1109–1176) (Lincoln lost in 1140)
Earls of Lincoln, second bestowal (around 1141)
- William de Roumare, 1st Earl of Lincoln (1096–1155) (Lincoln lost in 1147)
Earls of Lincoln, third bestowal (1147)
- Gilbert de Gant, 1st Earl of Lincoln (1120-1156)
Earls of Lincoln, fourth bestowal (1217)
- Ranulph de Blondeville, 4th Earl of Chester , 1st Earl of Lincoln (1172-1232)
Earls of Lincoln, fifth award (1232)
- John de Lacy, 1st Earl of Lincoln (1192-1240)
- Edmund de Lacy, 2nd Earl of Lincoln (1230–1257)
- Henry de Lacy, 3rd Earl of Lincoln (1251-1311)
- Alice de Lacy, 4th Countess of Lincoln (1281-1348)
Earls of Lincoln, sixth bestowal (1349)
- Henry of Grosmont, 1st Duke of Lancaster , 1st Earl of Lincoln (1310-1361)
Earls of Lincoln, seventh bestowal (1467)
- John de la Pole, 1st Earl of Lincoln (1462–1487)
Earls of Lincoln, eighth bestowal (1525)
- Henry Brandon, 1st Earl of Lincoln (1523–1534) ( House Brandon )
Earls of Lincoln, ninth award (1572)
- Edward Clinton, 1st Earl of Lincoln (1512–1585)
- Henry Clinton, 2nd Earl of Lincoln (1539-1616)
- Thomas Clinton, 3rd Earl of Lincoln (1568-1619)
- Theophilus Clinton, 4th Earl of Lincoln (1600–1667)
- Edward Clinton, 5th Earl of Lincoln († 1692)
- Francis Clinton, 6th Earl of Lincoln (1635–1693)
- Henry Clinton, 7th Earl of Lincoln (1684–1728)
- George Clinton, 8th Earl of Lincoln (1718-1730)
- Henry Pelham-Clinton, 2nd Duke of Newcastle, 9th Earl of Lincoln (1720–1794)
- Thomas Pelham-Clinton, 3rd Duke of Newcastle, 10th Earl of Lincoln (1752–1795)
- Henry Pelham-Clinton, 4th Duke of Newcastle, 11th Earl of Lincoln (1785-1851)
- Henry Pelham-Clinton, 5th Duke of Newcastle, 12th Earl of Lincoln (1811–1864)
- Henry Pelham-Clinton, 6th Duke of Newcastle, 13th Earl of Lincoln (1834–1879)
- Henry Pelham-Clinton, 7th Duke of Newcastle, 14th Earl of Lincoln (1864–1928)
- Francis Pelham-Clinton-Hope, 8th Duke of Newcastle, 15th Earl of Lincoln (1866–1941)
- Henry Pelham-Clinton-Hope, 9th Duke of Newcastle, 16th Earl of Lincoln (1907–1988)
- Edward Pelham-Clinton, 10th Duke of Newcastle, 17th Earl of Lincoln (1920–1988)
- Edward Fiennes-Clinton, 18th Earl of Lincoln (1913-2001)
- Robert Fiennes-Clinton, 19th Earl of Lincoln (* 1972)
The alleged heir to the title ( Heir Presumptive ) is the younger brother of the current Earl, the Hon. William Roy Fiennes-Clinton (* 1980).