Eduard I. Nietner

Friedrich Eduard Nietner , called Eduard I. Nietner (born October 28, 1796 in Schönholz , † August 13, 1859 in Potsdam ) was a royal gardener in Monbijou and in the Melonerie in Potsdam's Sanssouci Park .

Live and act

Eduard Nietner was born in Schönholz, where his father Friedrich Nietner had taken over the position of Planteur in the " Queen's Plantation " the year before . His mother Johanna Luise (around 1778–1848) came from the Berlin family of the innkeeper Thomas Thume.

Nietner began an apprenticeship as a gardener and took part in the wars of liberation against Napoleon as a volunteer from 1813 to 1815 . Three years after his return, a grant from Friedrich Wilhelm III made it possible for him . 1818 further training in the Viennese gardens. In order to get to the next higher position of senior assistant in the royal Prussian gardens, he first had to take a written exam. The garden assistants required this academic examination due to a new regulation that Peter Joseph Lenné had enforced as a member of the gardening board in 1820 before the establishment of the Royal Gardening School at the Wildlife Park near Potsdam . Only when they passed the qualification were they allowed to call themselves senior helpers and were entitled to a position as court gardener.

Lenné, who had received advice on how to move forward from his father in Koblenz since he was employed as a garden helper in 1816 , always enjoyed special rights at the Prussian court. Protected by the highest authority and appointed to the garden management as a "garden engineer" in 1818, he even jumped over the position of court gardener and was [...] in charge of the court gardeners . However, participation in the war and the new regulations delayed and made it more difficult for the other gardeners to advance. Clemens Alexander Wimmer believes that Lenné was particularly interested in pushing Eduard Nietner back . In 1818 he gave [Court Marshal and Garden Manager Burchard Friedrich von] Maltzahn a very derogatory comment on Nietner's travel report from Austria. In it he criticized syntax and spelling, which his own father could not master, and rebuked Nietner's disdain for the old baroque garden art that Lenné himself otherwise shared.

In 1824 Eduard Nietner passed the examination to become senior assistant and then had to wait seven years for a position as court gardener until he was appointed to the post in Berlin's Monbijou Palace Park in 1831. Four years later he was appointed court gardener to Potsdam and, one year after the departure of Gustav I Adolph Fintelmann in 1835, he took over his melonery area in Sanssouci Park. His area of responsibility increased in 1843 when Lenné's father-in-law, the court gardener Joachim Heinrich Voss , died. From him he also took over the Marlygarten - a kitchen garden laid out under Friedrich Wilhelm I - which also included the pineapple house west of the Green Grid . At the beginning of the construction work on the Friedenskirche , on the eastern border of the Marlygarten, Friedrich Wilhelm IV commissioned Lenné to transform the kitchen garden into an ornamental garden. From 1846, Lenné's close colleague Gustav Meyer took over the management of the work and the subsequent maintenance of the area.

The "Negotiations of the Association for the Promotion of Horticulture in the Royal Prussian States", a journal published by the "Berlin Horticultural Association" (short form), reported on Nietner's successes in cultivating various types of fruit. For example, an award-winning apricot tree in a pot with 30 fruits was mentioned in 1844, in 1846 the now unimaginable number of 123 plum varieties and in 1857 a total range of 40 different fruits. The wide range clearly testifies to the quality of the melonery and the extraordinary skill of its gardener […]. In addition, as the successor to the court gardener Carl Julius Fintelmann , he took over a teaching post from 1839 to 1857 at the "Royal Gardening College in Schöneberg and Potsdam", which Lenné has been director of since it was founded in 1823, where he taught the subjects of fruit growing, woodworking, forcing and vegetable growing . When Eduard Nietner fell ill, Gustav Meyer took his place in Sanssouci from 1856. After Nietner's death, his younger brother Wilhelm was appointed court gardener in the Sanssouci Melonerie in 1859. Gustav Meyer, who was also appointed court gardener, took over the Marly Gardens.

Writing activity

While he was court gardener in Potsdam, he and other office colleagues and botanists took part in the reference work “Reference library for gardeners and gardening enthusiasts” published by Lenné between 1837 and 1842. The book series received nothing exciting new, but was a systematic inventory of the horticultural knowledge of the time to look up, [...]. He also participated in the edition “Die Treiberei” published by court gardener Wilhelm Legeler (1801–1873) in 1842 and wrote articles for specialist journals.

family

Eduard I. Nietner married Auguste Balzer from nearby Werder on October 28, 1838 in Potsdam . With her he had a daughter and the son born in 1842 eponymous Eduard , who later as a gardener to Sanssouci in the Marly Garden and after Charlottenburg was appointed. When Eduard Nietner died in 1859, he found his final resting place in the Bornstedt cemetery .

literature

Foundation Prussian Palaces and Gardens Berlin-Brandenburg (Ed.): Prussian Green. Court gardener in Brandenburg-Prussia . Henschel, Potsdam 2004, ISBN 3-89487-489-9 , p. 326f

Individual evidence

↑ To distinguish it from his son of the same name Eduard II. Nietner, a Roman one is added to the name in literature.
↑ Clemens Alexander Wimmer, in: SPSG: Preußisch Grün , p. 71.
^ Wimmer, in: SPSG: Preußisch Grün , p. 72.
↑ Clemens Alexander Wimmer: From the life of Peter Joseph Lenné . In: Mitteilungen des Verein für die Geschichte Berlins, Vol. 85, Issue 4, 1989, p. 216 ( digital (PDF; 13.5 MB), accessed on June 23, 2012).
↑ Gerd Schurig: The fruits of the court gardeners . In: Foundation Prussian Palaces and Gardens Berlin-Brandenburg: Nothing thrives without care. The Potsdam park landscape and its gardeners . Potsdam / Berlin 2001, p. 294.
^ Wimmer, in: SPSG: Preußisch Grün , p. 82.
^ Wimmer, in: SPSG: Preußisch Grün , p. 185.
↑ William Legeler, Eduard Nietner: The forcing. A practical guide to the cultivation of vegetables and fruit in hotbeds, greenhouses and talut walls, along with the upbringing and maintenance of the orangery and the plants suitable for the orangery house . Berlin 1842.
↑ Directory of the grave sites in Bornstedter Kirchhof in 1868 according to the plan of the garden director's secretary Alexander Bethge. In: Karlheinz Deisenroth: Märkische burial place in courtly splendor. The Bornstedt cemetery in Potsdam . Berlin 2003.

personal data
SURNAME	Nietner, Eduard I.
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Nietner, Friedrich Eduard; Nietner I, Eduard
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	Royal gardener in the Monbijou and Sanssouci palace gardens
DATE OF BIRTH	October 28, 1796
PLACE OF BIRTH	Schönholz
DATE OF DEATH	August 13, 1859
Place of death	Potsdam

[1] To distinguish it from his son of the same name Eduard II. Nietner, a Roman one is added to the name in literature.

[2] Clemens Alexander Wimmer, in: SPSG: Preußisch Grün , p. 71.

[3] Wimmer, in: SPSG: Preußisch Grün , p. 72.

[4] Clemens Alexander Wimmer: From the life of Peter Joseph Lenné . In: Mitteilungen des Verein für die Geschichte Berlins, Vol. 85, Issue 4, 1989, p. 216 ( digital (PDF; 13.5 MB), accessed on June 23, 2012).

[5] Gerd Schurig: The fruits of the court gardeners . In: Foundation Prussian Palaces and Gardens Berlin-Brandenburg: Nothing thrives without care. The Potsdam park landscape and its gardeners . Potsdam / Berlin 2001, p. 294.

[6] Wimmer, in: SPSG: Preußisch Grün , p. 82.

[7] Wimmer, in: SPSG: Preußisch Grün , p. 185.

[8] William Legeler, Eduard Nietner: The forcing. A practical guide to the cultivation of vegetables and fruit in hotbeds, greenhouses and talut walls, along with the upbringing and maintenance of the orangery and the plants suitable for the orangery house . Berlin 1842.

[9] Directory of the grave sites in Bornstedter Kirchhof in 1868 according to the plan of the garden director's secretary Alexander Bethge. In: Karlheinz Deisenroth: Märkische burial place in courtly splendor. The Bornstedt cemetery in Potsdam . Berlin 2003.