Sample of income and expenditure
The sample income and expenditure ( EVS ) has been carried out every five years as a voluntary household survey in the Federal Republic of Germany as an integral part of the official statistics since 1962/63 . The legal basis for the survey is the law on household budget statistics.
history
It is carried out jointly by the Federal Statistical Office and the State Statistical Offices . The EVS shows the development of the living conditions of private households in the former federal territory since 1962/63. The EVS has been taking place throughout Germany since 1993. Due to special evaluations, the results of the last EVS in 2013 only led to an adjustment of the Hartz IV standard rates based on it on January 1, 2017, i.e. in the year before the following EVS 2018 .
Survey type
Around 0.2 percent of all households, around 60,000 at EVS 2013 (including 14,000 in the new federal states and Berlin), take part in EVS on a voluntary basis. It is a quota sample . The households are selected according to a quota plan. The population of households is broken down for each of the 16 countries according to given quotation characteristics (household type, social status of the main income earner and household net income).
Results of the EVS surveys
The EVS provides, among other things, statistical information about the equipment of private households with consumer goods, the housing situation, the income, asset and debt situation as well as the consumption expenditure of private households.
Entertainment and communication technology
In 1962/1963 about a third (34%) of the households in the former West German federal territory owned a television set . The first moon landing in 1969 was followed by 73% of these households on their own television. This proportion increased to 93% by 1978. However, at this point in time only 50% of households received their television programs in color. At the beginning of 2013, 95% of private households had a television set, 67% had a flat-screen television. For this survey, 65% of households had a laptop , netbook or tablet , 50% a navigation system .
At the beginning of 2003, 28% of the households in the former federal territory and 23% in the new federal states had a DVD player , at the beginning of 2013 this increased by around 71%.
At EVS 1962/1963 only 14% of households had their own telephone connection . At the end of the 1980s (1988: 93%) the telephone was an indispensable means of communication in West German households and has been practically everywhere since 2003 (99%). In comparison, the spread of telephones in East German households took place later, but much faster: in 1993, 49% of households in the new federal states owned a telephone, in 2003 it was 98%. Since 2008, the new federal states have been almost fully equipped with telephones at over 99%.
Household electronics
At the beginning of the sixties around 27% of households in the former federal territory had a spin dryer ; just 9% had a washing machine with a spin function. At the beginning of 2013, 95% of all German households had an electric washing machine.
A dishwasher was an absolute luxury item in 1962/1963 : only every 500th household (0.2%) in the former federal territory had such a device at that time, in 2003 it was 57% of German households and in 2013 it was 67%.
Living situation
Early 70s lived 63% of households in the former West Germany to an average of 66 sqm for rent , and 37% lived to an average of 101 m² in your own home. At the beginning of 2013, 57% of households in Germany lived for rent, 43% lived in property, tenant households on average 69 m², owner households 122 m².
income
In 2013, the average gross income of private households was 4086 euros per month. An average of 63% of this was gross income from employment, around 22% was income from state benefits, so-called public transfer payments, 10% was income from assets and just under 5% came from non-public transfer payments and subletting.
| feature | Households in total | Of which according to the monthly net household income of ... to less than ... euros | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| under 500 | 500-900 | 900-1,300 | 1,300-1,500 | 1,500-1,700 | 1,700 - 2,000 | 2,000-2,600 | 2,600 - 3,600 | 3,600 - 5,000 | 5,000-7,500 | 7,500 - 10,000 | 10,000-18,000 | ||
| Households in total | |||||||||||||
| Projected households in thousands | 39,326 | 179 | 2,756 | 4,042 | 2.129 | 2.134 | 3.139 | 5,578 | 6,925 | 6,079 | 4,635 | 1,143 | 587 |
| per household and month in euros | |||||||||||||
| Household gross | 4,086 | 537 | 839 | 1,277 | 1,668 | 1,962 | 2,314 | 2,919 | 3,946 | 5,612 | 8,086 | 11,461 | 16,732 |
| Household net | 3.132 | 288 | 760 | 1.105 | 1,401 | 1,601 | 1,850 | 2,289 | 3,071 | 4,238 | 5,970 | 8,440 | 12,342 |
| Savings | 319 | -872 | -92 | -54 | -65 | -20 | -17 | 39 | 162 | 445 | 981 | 2.006 | 4,281 |
| Self-employed | |||||||||||||
| Projected households in thousands | 2,662 | / | (121) | 185 | (121) | (96) | (123) | 286 | 438 | 483 | 451 | 170 | 155 |
| per household and month in euros | |||||||||||||
| Household gross | 5,644 | / | (1,084) | 1,493 | (1,935) | (2,026) | (2,575) | 3,376 | 4,302 | 5,898 | 8,173 | 11,170 | 16.602 |
| Household net | 4.125 | / | (755) | 1,089 | (1,398) | (1,604) | (1,840) | 2,297 | 3,109 | 4,242 | 6.006 | 8,450 | 12,397 |
| Savings | 762 | / | (-365) | -279 | (-125) | (-226) | (-72) | -4 | 140 | 593 | 1,343 | 2,659 | 5,217 |
| Employees | |||||||||||||
| Projected households in thousands | 14,182 | / | 171 | 773 | 558 | 722 | 1,082 | 2.115 | 2,654 | 2,724 | 2,426 | 640 | 308 |
| per household and month in euros | |||||||||||||
| Household gross | 5,324 | / | 1.014 | 1,475 | 1,868 | 2,229 | 2,629 | 3,261 | 4,324 | 5,956 | 8,593 | 12,126 | 17,730 |
| Household net | 3,759 | / | 771 | 1,131 | 1.405 | 1,603 | 1,849 | 2,290 | 3,078 | 4,252 | 6.004 | 8,460 | 12,260 |
| Savings | 517 | / | -266 | -36 | -15 | 36 | 72 | 148 | 263 | 543 | 1,045 | 1,783 | 3,778 |
| Workers | |||||||||||||
| Projected households in thousands | 5,288 | / | (75) | 355 | 214 | 228 | 406 | 734 | 1,251 | 1.314 | 626 | (69) | / |
| per household and month in euros | |||||||||||||
| Household gross | 4,338 | / | (994) | 1,437 | 1,854 | 2.125 | 2,463 | 3,023 | 4,095 | 5,624 | 7,738 | (10,937) | / |
| Household net | 3,283 | / | (794) | 1,115 | 1,399 | 1,596 | 1,857 | 2,307 | 3.121 | 4,243 | 5,784 | (8,269) | / |
| Savings | 361 | / | (-42) | 36 | 13 | 60 | 57 | 123 | 222 | 483 | 1,025 | (2,510) | / |
| Unemployed | |||||||||||||
| Projected households in thousands | 2,050 | / | 814 | 527 | 200 | 128 | 157 | 100 | (60) | (26) | / | / | / |
| per household and month in euros | |||||||||||||
| Household gross | 1,294 | / | 754 | 1,099 | 1,420 | 1,619 | 1,879 | 2,282 | (3,157) | (4,463) | / | / | / |
| Household net | 1,263 | / | 749 | 1,089 | 1,398 | 1,602 | 1,835 | 2,221 | (3,020) | (4,087) | / | / | / |
| Savings | 16 | / | -37 | 1 | 14th | -19 | 37 | 98 | (127) | (556) | / | / | / |
|
Note: / = No information, as the numerical value is not reliable enough due to the small number of households.
() = Informative value limited, as the numerical value is statistically relatively uncertain due to the number of households. |
|||||||||||||
| feature | Households in total | Of which according to the monthly net household income of ... to less than ... euros | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| under 500 | 500-900 | 900-1,300 | 1,300-1,500 | 1,500-1,700 | 1,700 - 2,000 | 2,000-2,600 | 2,600 - 3,600 | 3,600 - 5,000 | 5,000-7,500 | 7,500 - 10,000 | 10,000-18,000 | ||
| Households in total | |||||||||||||
| Projected households in thousands | 39,409 | 226 | 3.210 | 4,513 | 2,273 | 2,382 | 3,425 | 5,666 | 6,806 | 5,744 | 3,750 | 962 | 451 |
| per household and month in euros | |||||||||||||
| Household gross | 3,707 | 474 | 803 | 1,265 | 1,695 | 1,987 | 2,310 | 2,852 | 3,880 | 5,485 | 7,803 | 11,127 | 15,903 |
| Household net | 2,914 | -96 | 735 | 1.105 | 1,399 | 1,602 | 1,848 | 2,285 | 3,069 | 4,217 | 5,972 | 8,481 | 12,386 |
| Savings | 312 | -1,552 | -60 | -44 | -24 | 10 | 46 | 46 | 234 | 520 | 1,051 | 2,051 | 4,799 |
| Self-employed | |||||||||||||
| Projected households in thousands | 2,459 | (36) | (74) | (126) | (98) | (101) | 149 | 286 | 426 | 447 | 410 | 171 | 135 |
| per household and month in euros | |||||||||||||
| Household gross | 5,359 | (1,728) | (1,342) | (1,411) | (1,705) | (2,075) | 2,221 | 2,724 | 3,865 | 5,373 | 7,800 | 11,361 | 16,057 |
| Household net | 4.181 | (-671) | (754) | (1,101) | (1,399) | (1,604) | 1,859 | 2,270 | 3,105 | 4,253 | 6,010 | 8,648 | 12,758 |
| Savings | 734 | (-2,775) | (-293) | (-388) | (-66) | (-141) | -46 | -44 | 148 | 647 | 1,278 | 2,818 | 4,874 |
| Employees | |||||||||||||
| Projected households in thousands | 12,910 | (22) | 257 | 855 | 700 | 823 | 1,192 | 1,896 | 2,296 | 2,269 | 1,840 | 543 | 216 |
| per household and month in euros | |||||||||||||
| Household gross | 4,876 | (559) | 983 | 1,495 | 1,967 | 2,299 | 2,691 | 3,268 | 4,302 | 5,975 | 8,370 | 11,633 | 16,563 |
| Household net | 3,484 | (-142) | 764 | 1,125 | 1,399 | 1,604 | 1,847 | 2,281 | 3,081 | 4,242 | 6,035 | 8,448 | 12,046 |
| Savings | 514 | / | -63 | 19th | 42 | 79 | 118 | 142 | 306 | 613 | 1,125 | 1,943 | 4,384 |
| Workers | |||||||||||||
| Projected households in thousands | 6,306 | / | (139) | 454 | 253 | 282 | 451 | 971 | 1,723 | 1,471 | 496 | (33) | / |
| per household and month in euros | |||||||||||||
| Household gross | 4,066 | / | (985) | 1,462 | 1,881 | 2.156 | 2,491 | 3,031 | 4,098 | 5,582 | 7,658 | (10,426) | / |
| Household net | 3,058 | / | (771) | 1,115 | 1,395 | 1,600 | 1,852 | 2,303 | 3,101 | 4.167 | 5,729 | (8,099) | / |
| Savings | 351 | / | (-72) | -27 | 37 | 116 | 87 | 134 | 294 | 517 | 1,098 | (2,596) | / |
| Unemployed | |||||||||||||
| Projected households in thousands | 3,064 | (40) | 1,279 | 867 | 219 | 194 | 192 | 158 | 69 | (27) | / | / | / |
| per household and month in euros | |||||||||||||
| Household gross | 1,214 | (368) | 720 | 1,091 | 1.406 | 1,605 | 1,856 | 2,280 | 3,061 | (4,499) | / | / | / |
| Household net | 1,194 | (357) | 718 | 1,084 | 1,394 | 1,591 | 1,838 | 2,235 | 2,976 | (4,134) | / | / | / |
| Savings | 26th | / | -13 | -19 | 23 | 22nd | 83 | 164 | 16 | (98) | / | / | / |
|
Note: / = No information, as the numerical value is not reliable enough due to the small number of households.
() = Informative value limited, as the numerical value is statistically relatively uncertain due to the number of households. |
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The information in the tables are excerpts from Fachserie 15, Issue 4 of EVS 2013 and EVS 2008.
Consumer spending
In 2013, private households spent an average of EUR 2,448 per month on private consumption. At just under 35%, they spent the largest share on housing, energy and apartment maintenance, and together more than half on housing, food and clothing. Transport expenditures as well as expenditures for food, beverages and tobacco products had shares of 14% each. Households used 11% of their consumption budget for leisure, entertainment and culture, and 5% for clothing and shoes. A share of 22% remained for the remaining consumer spending (including spending on health care, post and telecommunications, education).
source
- Federal Statistical Office: 40 years of EVS - From spin dryer to DVD player . Press Release No. 44 of January 28, 2004. Retrieved September 7, 2011, offline on February 12, 2017.
- Federal Statistical Office (Destatis): Income, consumption, living conditions, housing . Retrieved June 20, 2017.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Thomas Öchsner: Hartz IV is too low - there is still no increase. In: sueddeutsche.de . November 30, 2015, accessed October 13, 2018 .
- ↑ a b c d Federal Statistical Office (Destatis): Equipment of private households with selected consumer goods - Fachserie 15 Issue 1 - 2013. Accessed on January 6, 2020 .
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (Destatis): Statistical Yearbook 2014 - Germany and Internationales . Retrieved January 6, 2020
- ↑ Federal Statistical Office (Destatis): Housing conditions of private households - Fachserie 15 Sonderheft 1 - 2013. Retrieved on January 6, 2020 .
- ↑ a b Federal Statistical Office (Destatis): Income and expenditure of private households - Fachserie 15 Heft 4 - 2013. Retrieved on January 6, 2020 .
- ↑ Federal Statistical Office (Destatis): Income and expenditure of private households - Fachserie 15 Heft 4 - 2008 . Retrieved January 6, 2020
- ↑ Federal Statistical Office (Destatis): Expenditures of private households for private consumption - Fachserie 15 Heft 5 - 2013. Retrieved on January 6, 2020 .