Item

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article or section needs to be revised. Details should be given on the talk page. Please help to improve it , and then remove this flag.

A single part (short: part) is a technically described, non-dismountable object that is manufactured according to a specific work plan.

Definition of terms

According to DIN EN ISO 10209, a part drawing (Frz .: dessin de pièce) depicts an individual part that cannot be further dismantled. A prefabricated part can be an individual part or an assembly, an important aspect here is that it can be installed directly (see prefabricated house ). In contrast to this, an assembly consists of several individual parts to fulfill a specific function. In contrast to individual parts, assemblies can i. d. Usually dismantled non-destructively, which is particularly important for recycling or processing and reuse. There are a few exceptions to this rule, however; this includes assemblies that are welded, glued, or connected to one another through heat or chemical processes. The relationship between individual parts and assemblies is described in parts lists .

Individual parts whose final shape is similar and which are made of the same material can often be manufactured on the same machine or system; therefore these are also grouped together to form part family n (see also: production family ). In connection with production planning and control systems , one also speaks of parts master data . However, this does not just mean individual parts, but also assemblies and all materials such as raw materials , materials , semi-finished products , auxiliary materials , and operating materials .

species

In the case of individual parts of a production program, the following types of parts are often distinguished in production planning and control from the point of view of economical production and logistical processing:

  • Standard parts ; They include DIN standard parts, but also in-house standardized parts
  • Identical parts that can be used unchanged in different products , but are not standard parts
  • Repetitive parts that occur in several variants of a product or a group, i.e. make up the constant basis of the variant
  • variant parts that are identical to each other except for a few details
  • Similar parts are different, but still comparable in some ways. The following aspects can be considered when determining similar parts:
  • Specific parts are parts that are specially designed and manufactured or purchased for one use .

Finally, the spare parts should be mentioned.

This differentiation of the types of parts has a significant influence on the part number of a part, in particular on the classifying part of a number. The classification, in turn, is necessary to make it easier to identify part families and production families .

literature

  • DIN 199-2. Terms in drawing and parts lists . Beuth Verlag, Berlin (several editions, 1977–1984).
  • Association of German Engineers, Society for Production Technology, Association for Work Studies (Hrsg.): Electronic data processing in production planning and control . 6 .: Conceptual contexts, conceptual definitions. VDI Verlag, Düsseldorf 1976, ISBN 3-18-403077-6 (VDI paperback, T77).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ DIN EN ISO 10209 - Technical product documentation; Vocabulary; Terms for technical drawings, product definition and related documentation . Beuth, November 2012, p. 84 .
  2. ↑ DIN EN ISO 10209 - Technical product documentation; Vocabulary; Terms for technical drawings, product definition and related documentation . Beuth, November 2012, p. 6 .
  3. ↑ Wilmjakob Herlyn: On the problem of mapping products with many variants in the automotive industry . VDI-Verlag, Düsseldorf 1990, ISBN 3-18-145216-5 , p. 11 ff .
  4. ^ REFA Association for Work Studies and Business Organization (Ed.): Methodology of Business Organization . Lexicon of the company organization. Hanser, Munich 1993, ISBN 3-446-17523-7 , p. 180 .