Eisenach Castle
| Eisenach Castle | ||
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 View of Eisenach Castle from the east |
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| Alternative name (s): | Ysenakenburg | |
| Creation time : | 1260, 1306 | |
| Castle type : | Hilltop castle | |
| Conservation status: | Burgstall, arr. Rock sections received | |
| Standing position : | King in alliance with imperial cities | |
| Place: | Eisenach | |
| Geographical location | 50 ° 57 '45.2 " N , 10 ° 18' 30.1" E | |
| Height: | 385 m above sea level NN | |
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The Eisenacher Burg is a disused medieval hill fort at 385 m above sea level. NN . The ground monument is located in the city of Eisenach , on the wooded hill of the same name, about 500 m south of the Wartburg .
history
In the Thuringian-Hessian War of Succession (1247–1263), fighting over the Wartburg and the possession of the city of Eisenach took place from 1260 to January 1262. At the Wartburg a Wettin garrison was able to hold out against the besiegers (Braunschweig and Hessian troops, reinforced by Eisenach vigilante groups). The Eisenach castle was therefore a siege castle, it blocked the south-eastern access routes to the city of Eisenach and the Wartburg. Little is known about the appearance of the castle. The exposed location on a high plateau protected by rock walls and steep slopes secured this position.
The second phase of use of Eisenach Castle dates from around 1306/1308. King Albrecht von Habsburg had the Wartburg besieged and chose the Eisenach castle as an army camp . In these battles, too, the citizens of Eisenach and contingents from other Thuringian cities (Erfurt, Mühlhausen, Nordhausen) sided with the besiegers. The royal field captain, Count von Weilnau , had the Eisenach castle built with towers, palisade fences and log houses. Time manner by means of a Blide (centrifugal weapon) shelled the Wartburg, wherein the Palas and the south wall have been taken.
While exploring Eisenach, Count Weilnau was ambushed and led to the Wartburg, where he died after a short imprisonment. Until the end of the fighting in May 1308, Eisenach Castle remained a constant threat to the Wartburg.
During archaeological excavations on the plateau in the summer of 1995, older settlement traces (Iron Age) were documented in addition to medieval evidence from the siege period.
Structural matters
The Eisenach castle is still clearly recognizable in the area. One finds the worked into the bedrock locations of wooden towers (in the overview diagram with marked A to F), the keep (with G labeled) and the rock of the incision Blidenstatt (with H labeled).
Finding
The picture on the right shows the finding marked with a C in the plan, it is a substructure of a tower with access stairs sunk into the rock. Due to the clogged drain, it has now partially filled with rainwater.
photos
Eisenach around 1647
(Merian)
Three castles panorama
(view from Moseberg)
General plan
(according to Beck / Schwarz)
Findings C
swell
- Manfred Beck, Hilmar Schwarz: The Eisenach Castle . In: Wartburg Foundation (Hrsg.): Wartburg yearbook . 5th year. Schnell and Steiner, Eisenach 1996, ISBN 3-7954-1132-7 , p. 35-66 .
- Thomas Bienert: Medieval castles in Thuringia . Wartberg Verlag, Gudensberg-Gleichen 2000, ISBN 3-86134-631-1 , Burgstelle "Eisenacher Burg", p. 48 .
- Michael Köhler : Thuringian castles and fortified prehistoric and early historical living spaces . Jenzig-Verlag, Jena 2001, ISBN 3-910141-43-9 , Eisenacher Burg, p. 92 .
- Eisenach and surroundings, Wartburg district, north . In: Sven Ostritz (Hrsg.): Archaeological hiking guide Thuringia . No. 11. Beier & Beran, Weimar 2007, ISBN 978-3-937517-67-4 , Eisenacher Burg castle ruins, p. 85-86 .
