Tangermünde Elbe Bridge
Coordinates: 52 ° 33 ′ 56 ″ N , 11 ° 59 ′ 3 ″ E
 Tangermünde Elbe Bridge
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| Convicted | Bundesstrasse 188 | |
| Subjugated | Elbe , km 390.845 | |
| place | Tangermünde | |
| construction | Tied arch bridge | |
| overall length | 1435 m | |
| width | 14.6 m | |
| Longest span | 185 m | |
| Construction height | 31 m | |
| building-costs | 27 million euros | |
| start of building | 1997 | |
| completion | 2001 | |
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The Elbe bridge Tangermünde crosses the federal highway 188 from Stendal to Rathenow near Tangermünde at Elbe kilometer 390.8 . The first fixed Elbe crossing was built in 1933, the second is a structure from 2001 and with a length of 1,435 m it is the largest road bridge in Saxony-Anhalt .
Bridge from 1933
The first fixed Elbe crossing was built between 1931 and 1933. It was approximately at Elbe kilometer 389 ( 52 ° 32 ′ 59 ″ N , 11 ° 59 ′ 4 ″ E ) right outside the city gates. The 833 m long structure had 24 openings and was a combined road and rail bridge. In addition to the 6.0 m wide carriageway for Reichsstraße 188 and a 2.15 m wide sidewalk, there was also a railway connection between Tangermünde station and the Genthin – Schönhausen small railway line . To halve the length of the bridge, a new dike was built on the eastern bank of the Elbe in front of the existing dike.
The steel bridge from 1933 consisted in the west of a three-span river bridge with spans of, starting on the left bank of the Elbe, 25.0 m in the edge field, 115.08 m in the main field and 58.2 m in the edge opening. Two solid wall girders at a distance of 12.4 m and with a height of 3.5 m were the main load-bearing elements of the superstructure. The roadway construction was arranged between these. The main opening was designed as a tied arch bridge and was stiffened by 15 m high arches on both sides with hangers 9.59 m apart. The approach bridge with 21 openings was connected to the river bridge. Its superstructure consisted of seven three- span girders in the longitudinal direction with spans of 33.95 m at the first opening, 30.0 m for the following 19 spans and 30.96 m in the end span. The main load-bearing elements of the superstructure were two solid wall girders, albeit only 2.2 m high, at a distance of 11.1 m.
The river bridge was installed on the western bank of the Elbe and, with an installation weight of 1070 t, was floated in with the help of a taxiway and two prams . A mobile derrick crane was used to build the flood bridge superstructures to the east .
Destruction and temporary bridge from 1945 to 1950
On April 12, 1945, the bridge's power fields were blown up after twelve years of use by the Wehrmacht . This was probably intended to prevent the Allies from advancing, who took Stendal and Tangermünde on the same day. Nevertheless, the destroyed bridge was an important transition point for fleeing to the west until the end of the war. It could still be crossed over a narrow wooden walkway that had been built on the rubble of the bridge. Among other things, units of the 12th Army ( Wenck Army ) used the bridge with remnants of the 9th Army on their retreat towards the west. After the defeat in Halbe, they did not want to be taken prisoner by the Soviets .
Then a 460 m long wooden makeshift bridge was built for the destroyed bridge section 45 m upstream, which was connected to the remaining, intact superstructure by pivoting. The 8.5 m wide construction had spans of 23.5 m, for shipping there was an opening with a 31 m clear width.
Rebuilt bridge 1950 to 2003
In September 1950 the old bridge was finally rebuilt. For this purpose, a new river pillar was erected and the river opening was bridged with a semi-parabolic lattice girder with a reduced clearance of 65 m. The truss was the superstructure of a dismantled bridge of the Mittelland Canal . The remaining newly built fields spanned pioneer bridge devices. The structure was in operation until June 20, 2001, and in March 2003 the bridge with a mass of 2300 tons of steel was dismantled.
Bridge from 2001
The new bridge was built between 1997 and 2001 at a cost of 27 million euros, around 1.7 km north of the old one. The structure spans the Elbe and the diked foreland with two lanes and a combined footpath and cycle path at an angle of 85 g . The bridge consists of a 1090 m long 22- span foreland bridge on the eastern bank of the Elbe, the river bridge, a tied arch bridge with 185 m span and the 160 m long 3-span foreland bridge on the western bank of the Elbe.
Approach bridges
The approach bridges are prestressed concrete structures with a superstructure that has the continuous beam as a structural system in the longitudinal direction . In the transverse direction, the superstructure has a single-cell box girder cross-section with a 15.1 m wide carriageway slab and inclined webs. The construction height is 2.5 m in the first 19 fields of the eastern approach bridge and increases to 3.0 m in the three following longer fields. The western approach bridge also has a construction height of 3.0 m. The prestressing consists of internal tendons in the longitudinal and transverse directions . The spans are 44.0 m in the end section of the approach bridge east, 49.0 m, 55.0 m in the following 19 openings and 60.0 m in front of the river bridge. At the foreland bridge west, after the river bridge, it is again 60.0 m, then 51.0 m and in the edge field 49.0 m.
The 23 foreland bridge piers have an elliptical full cross-section at the pier head with a width of 6.7 m and a thickness of 2.7 m. In the lower area the pillar thickness is constant at 2.0 m and shows a width of 17.5: 1. The pillars are based on in-situ concrete driven piles with a diameter of 61 cm and lengths between 6 m and 24 m.
Power bridge
A steel arch bridge with a span of 185 m is arranged over the Elbe river. The arches are inclined 10 ° to the vertical in their plane and have a top height of 28 m. In the apex, the steel arches, welded box profiles with a width and height of 1.2 m, have a center distance of around 8.0 m. They are connected to one another via 12 crossbars made of round tube profiles. The two 3.15 m high stiffening girders with 14 hangers on each side of the bridge, which consist of round steel profiles with a maximum diameter of 130 mm, are removed over the arches. The 30 cm thick carriageway slab is connected as a composite construction with the 1.8 m high cross members, which are 3.9 m apart.
The 15.5 m high river pillars have a circular hollow cross-section with a diameter of 8 m and expand towards the top in the shape of a bone to a width of 23 m. The wall thickness is 1.5 m, the cavity was filled with lean concrete . The pillars are also based on cast-in-place concrete piles with a diameter of 61 cm.
Construction work
The eastern prestressed concrete bridge was carrying a formwork made that Western on a falsework . The tied arch bridge was delivered in parts and installed on the route behind the western abutment. With the help of four heavy duty platform trucks at the ends of the bridges, of which rolled the front four pieces onto a pontoon, which was Einschwimmen the bridge.
1,850 t of structural steel, 20,000 m³ of concrete , 7,160 running meters of cast-in-place driven piles as well as 1,910 t of reinforcing steel and 680 t of prestressing steel were used for the bridge .
literature
- Federal Ministry of Transport (Ed.): Bridges of the federal roads 2002. Verkehrblatt-Verlag, Dortmund undated , ISBN 3-935064-15-2 .
- H. Svensson, W. Eilzer, B. Müller: Design, tender and award of the Elbe Bridge Tangermünde. In: Steel construction. 67th year 1998, issue 1, pp. 15-27.
- Erich Fiedler: Road bridges over the Elbe. Saxoprint, Dresden 2005, ISBN 3-9808879-6-0 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Elbe bridge to Tangermünde. Retrieved March 6, 2017 .
- ^ End of the war in Leipzig. On: Spiegel Online , April 24, 2015 (multimedia format).
- ↑ Alexander Sperk: End of the war in Saxony-Anhalt 1945 . Ed .: Friedrich Ebert Foundation Saxony-Anhalt. Magdeburg.
| upstream | Bridges over the Elbe | downstream |
| Magdeburg Canal Bridge | Tangermünde Elbe Bridge |
Elbe bridge in Hämerten |