Electronic protective measures

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Electronic protective measures ( EloSM , English electronic protective measures or electronic counter counter measures ), in addition to electronic countermeasures (EloGM) and the electronic support measures (ESM) a part of the electronic battle (EK). Their aim is to ensure their own use of the electromagnetic spectrum even under the effect of the opposing electronic countermeasures and include tactical , operational and technical measures. The effect of opposing EloGM should be canceled or at least reduced. EloSM is a task for all soldiers and units that use the electromagnetic spectrum or are exposed to it. The type and scope of EloSM must be appropriate in relation to a possible reduction in the fulfillment of one's own order.

Active and passive measures

Electronic protective measures are divided into active and passive electronic protective measures and serve to ensure your own use of the electromagnetic spectrum and to control your own electromagnetic signatures. They secure their own abilities in the combination of reconnaissance-leadership-effect and at the same time reduce these abilities in the opponent. You thus contribute directly to the protection of your own forces, the maintenance of navigation ability, the effectiveness of your own sensors and effectors and thus to the maintenance of information and leadership superiority.

Active electronic protective measures contain technical solutions, for example radio devices with frequency hopping , measures to reduce the detectability through signature reduction and deception through false signatures. Examples of passive electronic protective measures are special training of operating personnel or compliance with radio discipline, but also laser glare protection for optics and eyes.

Documents and terms

Basic documents for electronic protective measures in NATO are the "MC 64/10 - Electronic Warfare Policy" and the "AJP 3.6 (A) - Allied Joint Electronic Warfare Doctrine". In the former armed forces of the Warsaw Pact , the term counteraction against the technical means of reconnaissance of the enemy (GTAG) was used.

Individual active measures

With frequency hopping, the available frequency range is divided into individual frequency bands in a grid, each of which provides a channel. Sender and receiver now jump around on these channels at the same time. The jump frequencies are determined with the help of a generator. The jump rates range from a few to many thousands of jumps per second. The connection can only be disturbed if either a large part of the entire area is disturbed, which requires a lot of energy and possibly also disrupts own connections, or if a so-called "Following Jammer" is used, which determines the current jump as quickly as possible and then disturbs it .

With the "Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum", the transmission energy is distributed over a wide frequency range. This reduces the sensitivity to individual interferers and makes it difficult to investigate one's own electronic emissions.

Web links

References and comments

  1. ↑ a b Definitions and explanations of electronic warfare. Retrieved October 23, 2019 .
  2. ↑ MC 64 NATO Electronic Warfare Policy. (PDF) In: archives.nato.int. September 14, 1956, Retrieved October 23, 2019 (Released Early Version).
  3. ^ Joint Doctrine Note 3-16 - Joint Electromagnetic Spectrum Operations. In: jcs.mil. October 20, 2016, accessed October 23, 2019 (Appendix F, 5th Multinational Publications).
  4. ↑ Russian Противодействие технтческим системam разведки противника (ПТСРП) / Protiwodejswie technitscheskim sistemam reswetki protiwnika (PTSRP).