Emil Fischer (entomologist)

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Emil Fischer (born November 25, 1868 in Triengen , † May 12, 1954 in Zurich ) was a Swiss entomologist and doctor.

Fischer had been a full-time doctor in Zurich since 1897, where he also studied medicine and earned his doctorate.

He became known through work on butterflies, especially heredity experiments. He examined the influence of the environment (especially the temperature, for example frost aberrations) on the phenotype (color, shape), the breeding of abnormal butterfly forms ( transmutations ) and species hybrids, their behavior and properties of their offspring (F2 generation and backcross). Initially, he worked with Max Standfuss , the professor of entomology at the University of Zurich and the ETH Zurich, with whom he then fell out violently (which was also carried out publicly via publications), because Standfuss was of the opinion that Fischer had results below published under his own name, thanks to his suggestion. He later published with Richard Goldschmidt (1927 about Gynander inheritance of butterflies).

Fischer was a Lamarckist and tried to prove the heritability of newly acquired properties (such as temperature aberrations).

In addition to the fisherman and the stand, Karl Frings (around 1873–1931) and, in the 19th century, the mathematician and entomologist Georg Dorfmeister (1810–1881) also undertook temperature tests on butterfly aberrations at the turn of the century.

In 1939 he spoke out in favor of a common origin of butterflies (Parnassians) and night butterflies (Saturnids) based on a homologous basal thorn on the forewing, which he also found in butterflies in 1917.

From 1893 to 1954 he published 104 entomological papers.

In 1932 he was elected a member of the Leopoldina . In 1949 he received an honorary doctorate from the University of Zurich .

Fonts

  • Transmutation of butterflies as a result of temperature changes. Experimental studies on the phylogenesis of Vanessen, Friedländer and Sohn, Berlin 1895
  • Experimental studies on the inheritance of acquired traits (Caja inheritance attempt), General. Journal of Entomology, Volume 6, 1901
  • On the physiology of aberration and variety formation in butterflies, Archive for Rass. u. Ges. Biol., Volume 4, 1907
  • Temperature experiments. In: Arnold Spuler : Butterflies of Europe, 1908
  • Breeding of the Lepidoptera. In: Emil Abderhalden : Handbook of biological working methods, 1926

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Temperaturversuche, Trauermantel.de , inset, F. roederi
  2. ^ Member entry by Emil Fischer at the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina , accessed on October 13, 2015.
personal data
SURNAME Fischer, Emil
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Swiss entomologist
DATE OF BIRTH November 25, 1868
PLACE OF BIRTH Triengen
DATE OF DEATH May 12, 1954
Place of death Zurich