Emma Gumz

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Berlin memorial plaque on Knesebeckstrasse 17 in Berlin-Charlottenburg

Emma Gumz (born December 1, 1899 - † January 5, 1981 in Berlin ) was a German laundry owner and Righteous Among the Nations .

Life

Emma Gumz and her husband Franz (1899–1945) lived in Berlin-Charlottenburg at Knesebeckstrasse 17. In the same house they ran a laundry, which was first founded in 1898 by Karl Gumz in Grolmanstrasse, later it was moved to Knesebeckstrasse. Customers included residents, officers, authorities and the German Opera House .

Franz Gumz was a supporter of the Serious Bible Students and opponent of National Socialism; he did not hide his dislike.

In 1933 the Jewish Deutschkron family moved to Charlottenburg and became a customer of the Gumz laundry. Martin Deutschkron fled to Great Britain in 1939; his wife Ella and daughter Inge stayed behind in Berlin. After the beginning of the Second World War, Emma and Franz Gumz supplied Jews with food and other goods and let them listen to " enemy transmitters ".

In 1941 the deportation of Jews from Germany began . Emma Gunz made Ella Deutschkron promise not to be deported and offered further help. She had learned about the fate of deported Jews from a neighbor's son who was a soldier in Poland : “He saw what they were doing with the Jews there,” she said to Ella Deutschkron. On January 15, 1943, Ella and Inge Deutschkron went into hiding and lived in a small room in the Gumz couple's laundry for six weeks. Emma Gumz received them with the words “I'm so proud that I was able to persuade you to do so.” After the couple's neighbors became suspicious, Ella and Inge Deutschkron came to stay with other helpers, where Emma Gumz continued to support them and provide them with food .

Franz Gumz died after the end of the Second World War on December 10, 1945. In 1971 Emma Gumz was honored as Righteous Among the Nations.

Emma Gumz died in January 1981, the same year the laundry was closed.

In 2004, a memorial plaque for Emma and Franz Gumz was unveiled at Knesebeckstrasse 17.

Web links

Commons : Emma Gumz  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

literature

  • Gumz, Emma . In: Daniel Fraenkel, Jackob Borut (Ed.): Lexicon of the Righteous Among the Nations. Germans and Austrians . Wallstein Verlag, Göttingen 2005, p. 132 ISBN 3-89244-900-7
  • Inge Deutschkron: You stayed in the shade. A memorial for “silent heroes” . Ed. Hentrich, Berlin 1996 ISBN 3-89468-223-X , pp. 44-55

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Gumz laundry on the website of the Luisenstadt educational association
  2. ↑ Stefan Schomann: Memorials . In: Merian online, September 2009
  3. ↑ a b Inge Deutschkron: Survival as an obligation. Escaped the Nazi killers . Butzon & Bercker, Kevelaer 2010 ISBN 978-3-7666-1398-1 ( digital version  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. )@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / download.e-bookshelf.de  
  4. ↑ Righteous Among the Nations by Yad Vashem Honored (PDF; 271 kB) on the side of Yad Vashem (English)
  5. ↑ Memorial plaque for Emma and Franz Gumz in the lexicon: Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf from A to Z
personal data
SURNAME Gumz, Emma
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German laundry owner and Righteous Among the Nations
DATE OF BIRTH December 1, 1899
DATE OF DEATH 5th January 1981
Place of death Berlin