England and Wales
England and Wales (English: England and Wales , Welsh: Cymru a Lloegr ) form an area of common jurisdiction , it includes the parts of England and Wales within the United Kingdom . From a constitutional point of view, it is the successor to the Kingdom of England and has a uniform legal system, English law .
history
Shortly after the Norman conquest of England (1066), the Normans began to conquer parts of Wales . In two campaigns, the English King Edward I was finally able to conquer Wales by 1283 . The English, later British, heir to the throne bears the title Prince of Wales ("Prince of Wales") since that time . There were several rebellions against English rule, the most important of which was the rebellion of Owain Glyndŵr , who declared himself Prince of Wales in 1400 and conquered large parts of Wales. From 1405, however, the English troops succeeded in pushing back the rebels, and by 1409 Owain Glyndŵr was defeated. The Act of Union, the laws incorporating Wales 1535–1542 , finally ended the special status of the Welsh Marches and divided Wales into thirteen counties . English law now also applied in Wales. The regulations of 1535 were not repealed until December 21, 1993, those of 1542 on January 3, 1995, thus restoring a certain legal autonomy for Wales. In 1998, following a referendum, the National Assembly for Wales was constituted, which was given authority over public spending within Wales.
England, the fourth and largest nation in the United Kingdom, has neither a state parliament nor a state government. The tasks are carried out by the Parliament and the Government of the United Kingdom.
Common legal system
English Law, also known as Common Law , forms the basis of law in England and Wales . The National Assembly for Wales can, on the basis of decisions by the Parliament in Westminster, issue its own acts of law which only apply to Wales. With the Supreme Court of Judicature Acts (1873, in force since 1875) there are common courts, u. a. a joint High Court of Justice , also known as the High Court of England and Wales .
literature
- William Holdsworth: History of English Law. 17 vols. , Sweet & Maxwell, London 1903-1966, ISBN 978-0-421-31340-8 .
- John H. Baker (Ed.): Oxford History of the Laws of England. 13 vol. , OUP, Oxford 2003ff., ISBN 978-0-19-925883-3 .