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Under Component assembly (of Latin laborare , (here) manufacture with difficulty, edit ' ) is compiling a explosive device or a grenade understood in its usable condition. The components, which are normally stored and transported separately, are put together in the desired ratio.

Military technology

In the case of grenades, the metal shell is filled with explosives by labor. In the case of smaller calibers, the explosive filling is provided with a transfer charge and the detonator screwed on, the grenade itself is ready to fire. It is then connected to the cartridge case, in which the propellant charge and the propellant charge lighter are located, to form a shootable cartridge. With grenades of larger caliber, the grenade is only fitted with the detonator immediately before the shot. This ammunition is loaded separately (first the grenade, then, depending on the required firing range, the propellant charge).

Similarly, when loading bombs, mines, etc., the shells of bombs, mines, etc. are filled with explosives; for rocket engines, the propellants are introduced into the rocket motors.

Ammunition for small arms

In the case of ammunition for handguns, the amount and type of powder (usually nitrocellulose powder) that is used, for example, is called the load. B. is filled into the case when reloading . For this purpose, the manufacturer of the powder usually provides precise loading data , such as the loading for a certain type of ammunition (e.g. 9 mm Parabellum ), in order on the one hand not to cause damage to the weapon and on the other hand to be able to achieve optimal shooting performance .

An indication of the bullet weight and type is one of the useful information that the buyer or user of the cartridges expects.

Dismantling

Use of a portable X-ray machine to x-ray suspicious objects
Examination of a suspected vest for explosives during an exercise; the soldier is wearing a special bomb protection suit

Under decommission (also bomb ) refers to the dismantling of a dangerous, sharp (bullet, grenade, bomb, etc.) into parts, which in themselves are again safe unit.

Use of the word

The term dismantling is used inconsistently. In the police force, dismantlers are specialists who are exclusively responsible for unconventional explosive devices and incendiary devices . When it comes to military issues, however, dismantling mostly refers to the dismantling of industrially manufactured explosive devices.

Unknown structure

A problem arises when a unit is to be dismantled whose structure is not known. This occurs, for example, with bombs that were placed by other (mostly hostile) persons and groups, as well as with the bomb disposal of aerial bombs from World War II (see also: duds ). The preferred procedure then looks like this: The technical structure of the grenade is determined with an X-ray. Once the structure has been determined, it can be determined which method should be used to open the grenade - milling, drilling or sawing. After the grenade has been opened, the explosive and / or the warfare agent and the detonator are removed and then stored separately (or destroyed separately).

Israeli police bomb disposal robots in action in front of a supermarket in Afula , September 2006

Age and condition

Further problems with the dismantling of World War I ammunition are the age and condition of the ammunition: Although the structure of the ammunition is known in principle, the detonator and bomb body are often badly damaged by the impact and / or the decades of downtime or their condition is no longer recognizable. In these cases, dismantling is not possible, the ammunition must be destroyed on the spot. For this purpose, explosive charges are used, which detonate the ammunition, but only with low intensity ("low order"). With larger bombs it is also possible to open the bomb body with shaped charges in such a way that the explosive contained only deflagrates ("burns") instead of detonating.

Aerial bombs

In the event of an air bomb disposal in Germany, the ordnance clearance service , fire brigade , THW and disaster control work together with the police to ensure that the evacuation of the danger area, fire protection and disposal of the bomb runs as smoothly as possible .

In Germany, the removal of explosives in connection with the plane collision over the Dippoldiswalder Heide in 1945 was one of the largest post-war bombs to date. Eleven 250 kg bombs from this incident were defused in November 2013.

Museum presentation

In the case of objects that are to be exhibited after they have been dismantled (for example because of their historical value or for educational purposes), an attempt is usually made to restore the original appearance during a restoration . Of course, all potentially dangerous, visible individual parts must be replaced by dummies.

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Disassembly trolley. In: Duden . Retrieved August 6, 2020 .
  2. ^ Karl Ernst Georges : Comprehensive Latin-German concise dictionary . 8th, improved and increased edition. Hahnsche Buchhandlung, Hanover 1918 ( zeno.org [accessed on August 6, 2020]).

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