First land peace in Kappel
First Kappeler Landfriede (also First Landfrieden of 1529 ) is the name of a peace treaty that was concluded on June 26, 1529 between the Catholic and Reformed places of the Confederation following the First Kappel War .
prehistory
The Reformation created two denominational camps within the Old Confederation. On the one hand, the growing Reformation group, including Zurich , Constance and Mulhouse ; on the other hand, the five Catholic towns of Uri , Schwyz , Unterwalden , Lucerne and Zug , who wanted to hold onto the old faith and therefore joined the Ferdinandean alliance with Archduke Ferdinand from the House of Habsburg on April 22, 1529 in Waldshut .
The ideological struggles took place against the background of the reformist's urge to expand, through disputes over power in the common rulers and through disputes in word and in writing. They were exacerbated by the execution of the reformed pastor Jakob Kaiser in Schwyz in 1529 and led to a military contingent on both sides: 30,000 men of the new believers stood against around 9,000 men from the Catholic camp.
The peace treaty
The offer of the neutral Swiss people shortly before the military clash of the warring parties to seek a compromise was accepted. It postponed the acts of war by two hours, then two days and finally two weeks. As a result of these lengthy and difficult negotiations, the First Kappeler Landfrieden was concluded on June 26, 1529, even before a military conflict even broke out.
The negotiated contract stipulated that the places should not insult or provoke one another over questions of faith. In the associated places and common lordships, the parishes were allowed to decide autonomously about religious beliefs. The sole war guilt was assigned to the five Catholic locations. You should therefore also bear the entire cost of the war. In addition, they were not allowed to continue their existing special alliance with King Ferdinand . Overall, the reformed camp was given strong advantages by the treaty.
Result
With the first peace in Kappel, the Reformation was formally recognized in Switzerland by the five Catholic towns. In return, they were guaranteed their faith. For the first time the equal coexistence of denominations was granted. Since the question of faith was subject to the majority principle, a momentous development took place in the common rulers.
The provisions of this peace treaty were largely reversed or replaced by the Second Kappeler Landfrieden after the Second Kappeler War .
Web links
- Hans Ulrich Bächtold: Landfriedensbünde - The 1. Landfrieden of 1529. In: Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Peter Blickle : The Reformation in the Empire. P. 205.