Common rule

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Map of the common lordships in the Old Confederation in the 18th century

Until 1798, areas in the Old Confederation were referred to as common lordships that were conquered jointly by several of the XIII ruling old towns and administered jointly as bailiffs . The number and the combination of ruling places varied greatly. After the Second Villmerger War in 1712, the reformed cantons forced a new composition of the ruling places in the German common bailiwicks .

German common bailiwicks

The "German Common Bailiffs" were in Aargau and Eastern Switzerland. They were acquired by the Confederation in connection with the Swiss Habsburg Wars.

  • Freiamt blason.png Free offices (1415); VII Orte (excluding Bern), after 1712 Upper Freiamt: VIII Orte, Lower Freiamt: Zurich, Bern, Glarus
  • Coat of arms of Baden AG.svg County of Baden (1415); VIII Orte, after 1712 Zurich, Bern, Glarus
  • Coat of arms County Sargans.svg County Sargans (1460/83); VII Orte (excluding Bern), after 1712 VIII Orte
  • Coat of arms of the Vogtei Thurgau.svg Landgraviate of Thurgau (1460); VII Orte (excluding Bern), after 1712 VIII Orte
  • Coat of arms Vogtei Rheintal.svg Rule of the Rhine Valley (1490); VIII Orte (excluding Bern with Appenzell), after 1712 VIII Orte and Appenzell

Ennetbirgische or Welsche Vogteien

Map of the Ennetbirgischen Bailiwicks of the Old Confederation

The Ennetbirgischen or Welschen Vogteien were in today's Canton Ticino . They were acquired by the Duchy of Milan during the Ennetbirgian campaigns . The federal rule over the valleys Travaglia and Cuvio as well as over the Ashen valley was controversial and only lasted for a short time. The bailiwicks were ruled by those places that were involved in the conquest. In the case of the southern bailiwicks, these were all places except Appenzell.

Under Uri, Schwyz and Nidwalden

Among the XII places

Two-part bailiffs

Common rulers whose rulership was shared only by two federal locations were referred to as “two-part bailiwicks”. In this way, the city of Bern dominated areas conquered jointly with Solothurn and, in the longer term, with Freiburg. The cantons of Schwyz and Glarus also shared control of the former Toggenburg and Habsburg possessions in the Linth Plain, which were fiercely contested during the Old Zurich War .

Bern and Solothurn

Bern and Freiburg

Schwyz and Glarus

Zurich, Glarus and Bern

Common rule with relatives

In 1538–69, the seven tens of Valais and Bern shared control over part of what is now Haute-Savoie. Until the 18th century, only rule over Tessenberg remained, which was shared by a ruling place with a relative , here Bern and the Principality of Basel.

Other common lordships and umbrella bailiffs

Some of the protectorates of the Old Confederation are also often referred to as “common dominions” because several places shared the patronage.

  • Coat of arms Gersau.svgVillage of Gersau (1332); Lucerne, Uri, Schwyz, Unterwalden
  • Coat of arms Bellelay.svg Bellelay Abbey (1414); Bern, Biel, Solothurn. Is under the sovereignty of the Principality of Basel .
  • Engelberg-coat of arms.svg Engelberg abbey (1425); Lucerne, Uri, Schwyz, Unterwalden
  • Coa Abbey Saint Gall.svg Prince Abbey of St. Gallen (1451); Zurich, Lucerne, Schwyz, Glarus. At the same time, the prince abbey is a dedicated place.
  • Rapperswil CoA.svg Rapperswil rule (1458); until 1712: Uri, Schwyz, Unterwalden, Glarus, from 1712 Zurich, Bern, Glarus
  • Coat of arms Toggenburger2.svg County of Toggenburg (1436); until 1718: Schwyz, Glarus, then Zurich, Bern. At the same time, Toggenburg is subject to the Prince Abbey of St. Gallen.
  • Coat of arms Pfäfers.png Pfäfers Abbey (1460–1483); Zurich, Lucerne, Uri, Schwyz, Unterwalden, Zug, Glarus; 1483 to the county of Sargans
  • Coat of arms Neuchâtel.svg County of Neuchâtel (1512–1529); XII places

See also

literature