Chablais

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The coat of arms of Chablais
The Evian-les-Bains spa around 1900
The highest point of the Chablais, the Haute Cime of the Dents du Midi
Swiss Chablais from Lake Geneva to the Dents du Midi

The area south of Lake Geneva is called Chablais (from the Latin caput lacus, "head of [Lake Geneva]" - Italian: Chiablese ) .

The larger western part - the lakeshore around the towns of Thonon-les-Bains and Évian-les-Bains and the catchment area of ​​the Dranse River - belongs to the French department of Haute-Savoie . The Swiss part through which the Rhone flows consists of the Valais district of Monthey and the Vaudois district of Aigle .

Geographically, the Chablais belongs to the Savoy , Friborg and Bernese Alps . At 3,257 m, the Haute Cime of the Dents du Midi in the Valais part of the Savoy Alps is the highest point.

The French part of the Chablais has been designated a UNESCO Global Geopark by UNESCO under the brand name Geopark Chablais since 2012 .

history

The region belonged to the abbey of Saint-Maurice and passed to the House of Savoy in 1032 . In the Burgundian Wars , the Bernese first conquered the area east of the Rhône ( Landvogtei Aigle) in 1475 and in 1536 - together with the Valais - the rest of the Chablais. With the treaties of Lausanne (1564) and Thonon (1569), Savoy got most of the area back, only the Bailiwick of Monthey was retained by the Valais. After the Reformation was first introduced in the Bernese part , he was re-Catholicized from 1594 to 1598 through the preaching activities of the then Bishop of Annecy , St. Francis de Sales , and the Capuchins .

During the coalition wars from 1792 to 1815, western Chablais belonged to France as part of Savoy. It was declared a demilitarized zone when it was returned to the Kingdom of Sardinia-Piedmont , which had now emerged from the Duchy of Savoy . When Savoy finally came to France in 1860, the Chablais, which was also claimed by Switzerland in the so-called Savoy trade in 1859/60 , also received the status of a free zone ( grande zone franche ) that existed until 1919, covering 3790 km² and thus 86 % of the Haute-Savoie department.

tourism

The spa resorts of Thonon and Evian and the winter sports resorts of Morzine , Champéry with the cross-border ski area Portes du Soleil as well as Villars-sur-Ollon , Leysin and Les Diablerets (municipality of Ormont-Dessus) are located in Chablais .

natural reserve

The marshland of Les Grangettes on Lake Geneva in the canton of Vaud forms an important wetland biotope in the Chablais.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ List of UNESCO Global Geoparks
  2. ↑ Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz , Vol. 3, p. 263
  3. ^ Fabienne Abetel-Béguelin / GL: Lausanne Treaty. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
  4. ↑ Jean de Pingon: Savoie française - histoire d'un pays Annexe . Editions Cabédita, Yens-sur-Morges, 1996.

Web links

Commons : Chablais  - collection of images, videos and audio files