Jean-François Alliette
Jean-François Alliette (* 1738 ; † December 12, 1791 in Paris ), better known under his pseudonym Etteilla , was a French occultist and tarot researcher.
Jean-François Alliette was the first to develop an interpretation concept for the tarot cards and contributed significantly to the esoteric development of the tarot cards. He also influenced Marie Anne Lenormand . In the years 1783–1784 Alliette published his work Manière de se recréer avec un jeu de cartes nommées Tarot , which is still considered the standard work of cartomancy today. In 1788 he founded the Association of Deuters of the Book of Thoth , an association that dealt with the divinatory interpretation of the Tarot. In 1789 he published his own tarot, which, however, differs considerably from the classic tarots in terms of structure and card names. The game known under the name Grand Etteilla is numbered from 1 to 78, dispenses with the distinction between major and minor arcana and the card names differ enormously from the classic tarots in places. The Grand Etteilla Tarot is the first to have correspondences with astrology .
Due to the changes in the tarot, which were incomprehensible to subsequent tarot researchers, as well as due to his extravagant appearance and his theories about the origin of the tarot, he was often ridiculed and not taken completely. For example, Éliphas Lévi calls him an illuminated fool.
According to Alliette's theory, the tarot is said to have been invented in the year 2170 BC, which according to his calculations should have been the year 171 after the Flood , in a circle of magicians under the chairmanship of Hermes Trismegistus , but Alliette does not list how he came up with this theory.
literature
- Jean-François Alliette, Helmut Werner (ed.): The Etteilla Tarot . Bohmeier Verlag, Leipzig 2010, ISBN 978-3890946290 .
- Eckhard Graf: The magicians of the tarot . Königsfurt Verlag, Königsförde 2000, ISBN 3933939151 .
- G. Bouchet: Le Tarot Egyptien. Ses symboles, ses nombres, son alphabet. Comment on lit le tarot. L'œuvre d'Etteilla restituée. Bois et Dessins de Paul Devaux . Bouchet-Dreyfus, Vichy 1922.
- Éliphas Lévi: History of Magic . Ludwig Verlag, Munich 1997, ISBN 3778770772 .
Web links
- Grand Etteilla Tarot
- Literature by and about Jean-François Alliette in the catalog of the German National Library
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Alliette, Jean-François |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Etteilla (pseudonym) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | French occultist and tarot researcher |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 1738 |
| DATE OF DEATH | December 12, 1791 |
| Place of death | Paris |